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AICE marine science AS Level Exam Review paper 1, 2 (2024) Questions With Complete Solutions!!!
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AICE marine science AS Level Exam Review paper 1, 2 (2024) Questions With Complete Solutions!!!
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Name: Score:70 Multiple choice questions
Definition 1 of 70
-corals are an animal
-zooxanthellae are a single-celled algae/plant which live within the tissues of the coral. contain
chlorophyll so they can photosynthesize
-mutualistic/symbiotic relationship
-zooxanthellae provide nutrients for coral animals
-corals provide a large surface area for the zoos. growth gives the zoos. conditions for maxim,
absorption of light
-products of digestion by corals provide nutrients for zoox.
chemical composition of sea water
ecological pyramids
corals and zooxanthellae
extreme and unstable
Term 2 of 70
predator/prey relationships
remember that the number of predators lags behind the number of prey organisms
by humans, takes nutrients out of the cycle
rate is the slope of a line, like in math, that means use the slope formula
keep in mind that the number of predators equals the number of prey organisms
,Definition 3 of 70
1. cracks in ocean floor where cold water seeps in
2. water is superheated by the underlying hot magma
3. hot water builds up pressure, causing it to rise hot magma
4. dissolves minerals on the way out
5. some minerals precipitate out along edge of crack forming a vent
nutrients replenished
hydrothermal vent formation
biological use of nutrients
how do nutrients enter the surface water?
Definition 4 of 70
- state and explain factors that affect the chemical composition of sea water:
-runoff- weathering of rocks cause salts to dissolve in water, and wash into sea
- evaporation- increases concentration ions
-atmospheric dissolution- mixing of air from wind/wave action. menials in dust/carbon dioxide to
form bicarbonates/carbonic acid
-underwater volcanic activity- releases sulphates and chloride ions dissolved in water
-volcanic eruptions on land-release carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrochloric gas,
fluorine gas- when they enter the sea, combine with water to form acids
creating or working with graphs
chemical composition of sea water
biological use of nutrients
describing features and how they are formed
,Term 5 of 70
how does sedimentation reduce coral growth?
-sandy environments where there is sand slippage; organisms are easily washed away
-organsims burrow to avoid being washed/swept away. they are also exposed to air, so
desiccation can occur. organisms must adapt.
-state the most with reference to data
-state the least with reference to data
-manipulate data by finding range
-light-clear water, low sedimentation/low silt level
1. allows zooxanthellae to photosynthesize
2. allows coral polyps to feed
-shallow and warm water
-sedimentation/silt covers coral
-reduces light penetration
-inhibits/reduces photosynthesis
-reduced photosynthesis reduces coral growth
, Term 6 of 70
human impact
a. depth- do is high at surface-drops as you approach 500m, then starts to increase why?
-more do at surface; less in the deep ocean
-due to wave action
b. temperature- as temp decreases, solubility increases-more do in colder water
process in which human activity affects the cycles:
a. runoff- agricultural waste/chemical/fertilizer/pollutants wash into sea
b. dissolution- burning fossil fuels pollutants air then gases dissolve into water
c. harvesting/fishing- removal of nutrients
remember that aice looks at symbiosis and mutualism one in the same. it is a close
relationship between 2 different species where both benefit. make sure you explain what
both are getting/giving. examples: coral and zooxanthellae; tube worms and chemo.
bacteria
have a low ph, high temperature, low oxygen and high salinity
-extreme environments have limited resources
-hydrothermal vents are an extreme environment
-example of an organism at a hydrothermal vent is chemosynthetic bacteria
Definition 7 of 70
buoyant properties of layers of rocks which float on other layers, according to their density and
thickness. this explains why the earth's crust floats on the denser, underlying layer, just as an ice
cube floats in a glass of water. the principle of isostasy shows that the earth's crust is generally
higher where it is thicker and less dense; lower where it is thinner and denser. continental crust is
less dense as compared to oceanic crust
viscosity
tides
isostasy
orogeny
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