Exam (elaborations)
BSNC 1000 – PERFUSION EXAM LATEST VERSION
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BSNC 1000 – PERFUSION EXAM LATEST VERSION....
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BSNC 1000 – PERFUSION EXAMLATEST VERSION
Radius - Answer The biggest impact on blood flow through a vessel
Sympathetic nervous system activation decreases vessel diameter.
- Increases CO.
- Increases TPR.
Perfusion - Answer The flow of blood via the capillaries provides oxygen to the
body's cells and tissues while also removing wastes from them.
Arterial System - Answer circulates blood and maintains pressure.
Capillary beds: ANSWER Transfer of materials between the circulation and
tissues
Venous System - ANSWER Returns blood to the heart volume storage.
Scope of Perfusion - ANSWER: Optimal, impaired, or no perfusion.
Ischemia (cell injury): Impaired perfusion.
Infarction (cell death) - Answer: N
o Perfusion
,Blood Pressure - ANSWER Blood pressure on blood vessel walls
Systolic Pressure - Answer BP during systole.
The ventricles constrict.
Diastolic Pressure: ANSWER BP during diastole
- The ventricles relax.
Pulse Pressure - Answer: Systole - Diastole (normal = 40-45 mmHg).
MAP = - ANSWER CO X TPR
MAP = diastolic pressure minus 1/3 (partial pressure).
Blood volume is influenced by: - ANSWER - salt intake and excretion.
-renin/aldosterone
Vasoconstriction Influenced by: - ANSWER - AUTONOMIC NS
- Kidney renin-angiotensin
- Adrenal medulla hormones.
Cardiac output Influenced by: ANSWER - BPM.
, The volume of blood
Peripheral resistance is influenced by: - Vasoconstriction.
- Vasodilation.
- Local Factors (pH and hypoxia)
- Sympathetic activation of smooth muscle on vessel walls.
- Blood viscosity.
- Vessel's radius
Vasodilation Influenced by: - ANSWER - AUTONOMIC NS
- Kidney: Vasodilators
- Hormonal factors
Peripheral resistance is the force that must be overcome to drive blood through
the circulatory system.
Blood Viscosity lowers Because: - ANSWER - Anemia: The load that the heart
works against is reduced, hence TPR lowers.
- Hypoproteinemia: Plasma proteins decrease, making the blood thinner and
decreasing TPR.
What affects blood flow? - ANSWER: Viscosity of blood (increase equals
reduction in flow)
- The velocity of blood
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