Medical Emergencies for the
Dental Professional: Ch. 2 The
Emergency Kit Exam questions
and answers
The essential drugs in a dental office emergency kit - answer
Oxygen, epinephrine, nitroglycerin, a histamine blocker, albuterol,
aspirin, and oral glucose.
To custom-design the kit and purchase the items separately rather
than a pre-assembled commercial kit. - answer When choosing an
emergency kit to meet the individual needs and capabilities of the
dental team, what is the most cost-effective and desirable
approach?
Able to be easily moved; include a manual with emergency
telephone numbers; names of people responsible for updating the
kit; emergency drills, protocol, and treatment record. - answer
What are additional components (other than drugs) should the
emergency kit include?
simplification; choose only the drugs & items with which the dental
team is most familiar and willing to use. - answer What is the key
in designing an emergency kit?
basic life support; only after BLS steps have been taken should the
use of drugs be considered. One exception to this is an acute
allergic reaction; immediately administer epinephrine. - answer
First and foremost in the management of medical emergencies is
what?
, Oxygen - answer indicated for most emergencies with the
exception of hyperventilation
Epinephrine - answer the drug of choice for emergency treatment
of anaphylaxis. Has a rapid onset but short duration, so multiple
injections may be needed. Contraindicated in people with heart
conditions, severe hypertension.
Because of the short duration of action, multiple doses may be
needed. Repeat the dose until anaphylaxis symptoms subside. -
answer How many injections of epinephrine will a person suffering
anaphylaxis need?
hypotension - answer low blood pressure with a systolic pressure
below 100 mmhg
laryngeal edema - answer swelling as a result of fluid accumulation
in the soft tissues of the larynx
bronchospasm - answer abnormal contraction of the smooth
muscle of the bronchi, resulting in acute narrowing and obstruction
of the airways.
histamine - answer a chemical found in cells that has the ability to
cause an allergic reaction when released
chemical mediator - answer a neurotransmitter chemical that is
released during an allergic response
Nitroglycerin - answer Indicated for acute angina, myocardial
infarction (MI), or heart failure. Works by dilating the coronary
blood vessels to provide additional oxygen to the heart muscle.
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