The Electrolyte Imbalances Nursing 101 cheat sheet covers the signs, symptoms, causes, and treatments of common imbalances like hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypocalcemia. It's a quick reference for nursing students and professionals to recognize and manage electrolyte disturbances in patients.
1. Identify the cause of hyponatremia 1. Identify the cause of hypernatremia
2. Monitor V/S and record I/O, daily weight 2. Monitor V/S and record I/O, daily weight
3. Restrict fluid around 800 ml in 24 hrs 3. Restrict fluid and sodium
TREATMENTS
4. Administer IV and oral sodium intake 4. Administer IV
(This depends on 'How much sodium loss') • Isotonic with less percent of sodium
• Isotonic without sodium (Ex. D5W)
Mild : Add sodium in a food
Moderate : Administer IV (Ex. 0.9% NaCl, Ringer's)
Severe : Administer 3% or 5% NaCl, but need to
closely monitor in ICU, it can caused
cerebral edema, and neuro symptoms
If the patient taking 'Lithium', should monitor
lithium level. Hyponatremia can reduce 'Lithium
excretion' caused 'Lithium toxicity' 12
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