Exam (elaborations)
TTU ANSC 1401 Unit 3
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TTU ANSC 1401 Unit 3
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TTU ANSC 1401 UNIT 3 100% SOLVEDO
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Genetics - Ability to transfer information across generations
Genotype - Genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype - Observable characteristics, result from interaction of genotype and environment
Expression - Genotype into traits of economic importance provides basis for animal's worth
Producer - Efficiency of production is often top priority
Consumer - Tenderness, flavor, leanness often top priority
Overlap of producer and consumer - Cost, related to efficiency of production
Animal breeding - Applied genetics, application of genetic principles to improve efficiency of production
of farm animals
DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid, a complex molecule composed of nucleotides joined together with
phosphate sugars.
Chromosome - Contains large molecules of DNA. Composed of segments called genes.
Cattle have how many chromosomes? - 60
,Gene - Small sections of DNA that code for a specific purpose. Direct the synthesis of proteins or perform
regulatory functions.
Genome - Sum total of genetic material of an animal
Chicken have how many chromosomes? - 78
Horses have how many chromosomes? - 64
Goats have how many chromosomes? - 60
Sheep have how many chromosomes? - 54
Pigs have how many chromosomes? - 46
Trait - Observable characteristic; who you are.
Gregor Mendel - Discovered principles of inheritance while working with garden peas in 1866
Alleles - Different forms of a gene
For each gene, an individual has ________________. - two alleles, one from each parent
Homozygous (AA) - An animal that has matching alleles at a given point on the chromosome, or
locus(specific location of a gene on a chromosome)
Heterozygous (Aa) - An animal that does not have matching alleles at a given point on the chromosome,
or locus(specific location of a gene on a chromosome)
Inheritance - Method by which alleles are passed on from one generation to next
, Gamates - Each parent produces reproductive cells
Autosomes - Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Diploid - 2 sets of chromosomes
Haploid - Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes
Mitosis - Process of somatic cell division, replication
Meiosis - Development of germ cells(gametogensis)
Dominant Allele - A, expressed over recessive alleles
Recessive Allele - a, expressed only when there is no dominant allele present
Codominance Allele - The exception to the rule of dominance that occurs when neither allele masks the
other and both are expressed in the phenotype
Incomplete Dominance - Situation in which no dominance exists and heterozygous individual appears as
an intermediate between the two alleles.
Epistasis - Cordination gene expression
What is effected by epistasis? - Coat Color
Is this Angus bull Homozygous dominant black? - Mate to homozygous recessive black
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