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SMF Ch 5 Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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SMF Ch 5 Exam Questions AndCorrect Answers
What is sexual differentiation? - Answer The process by which males and females
develop distinct reproductive anatomy
What is chromosome? - Answer One of the rod-like structures, found in the nucleus of
every living cell, that carry the genetic code in the form of genes
What is a zygote? - Answer A fertilized ovum (egg cell)
What did Aristotle believe about anatomical differences? - Answer He believed that the
difference was due to the heat of semen at the time of sexual relations.
Hot semen generated males whereas cold semen generated females
What happens when a sperm cell fertilizes an ovum? - Answer 23 chromosomes form the
male parent combine with the 23 chromosomes from the female parent. This forms into
a zygote that is only 0.04 cm (1.75 inch) long.
23 chromosome pairs form whereas the 23rd pair are the sex chromosomes
What does an ovum and a sperm carry? How does this determine the gender? - Answer
An ovum carries an X sex chromosomes while a sperm carries either an X or Y
chromosome.
XX - female, XY - male
What happens after fertilization? After a few short weeks? Three weeks? Five to six
weeks? - Answer After fertilization, the zygote divides repeatedly. After a few short
weeks, one cell has become billions of cells.
At about three weeks, primitive heart begins to drive blood through the embryonic
bloodstream.
At about five six weeks, when the embryo is only 0.5-1 cm long, primitive gonads, ducts,
and external genitals whose gender cannot be distinguished visually have formed
What does each embryo possess? - Answer Primitive external genitals, a pair of sexually
undifferentiated gonads, and two sets of primitive duct structure: Mullerian (female)
duct and the Wolffian (male) duct
What is an embryo? - Answer The stage of prenatal development that begins with
implantation of a fertilized ovum in the uterus and concludes with development of the
major organ systems at about two months after conception
, What happens at the first six weeks or so of prenatal development? Seventh week? -
Answer Embryonic structures of both genders develop along similar lines and resemble
primitive female structures.
At seventh week, the genetic code (XX or XY) begins to assert itself, causing changes in
the gonads, genital ducts, and external genitals
What is the result of the genetic activity on the Y sex chromosome? - Answer It causes
the testes to begin to differentiate. Ovaries begin to differentiate if the Y chromosome is
absence
What happens to individuals who have only one X chromosome? - Answer They still
become females because they lack the Y sex chromosome
Conclusion about the basic blueprint of the human embryo - Answer All started as
females.
The genetic instructions in the Y sex chromosomes cause the embryo to deviate from
the female developmental course
What happens at the seventh week besides sexual differentiation? 10th week? 11th/12th
week? - Answer At the seventh week, strands of tissue begin to organize into
seminiferous tubules.
Female gonads begins to develop somewhat later than male gonads.
At about 10th week, the forerunners of follicles that will bear ova are found.
At about 11th week, the ovaries begin to form
What is the definition of androgen? - Answer Male sex hormones
What is the most important androgen and what is their purpose? - Answer Testosterone
is the most important androgen as they spur the differentiation of the male (Wolffian)
duct system
What does each Wolffian duct develop into? - Answer Develop into an epididymis, vas
deferens, and seminal vesicle.
The external genitals, including the penis, begin to take shape at about the 8th week
under the influence of another androgen - DHT (dihydrotestosterone)
What is the purpose of Mullerian inhibiting substance? - Answer Another testicular
hormone secreted at the fetal stage that prevents the Mullerian ducts from developing
into the female duct system
What does the lack of androgen in female fetuses result into? - Answer Causes the
degeneration of the Wolffian ducts and prompts development of female sexual organs.
What does the Mullerian ducts evolve into? - Answer Evolve into fallopian tube, the
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