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exp3604 module 7 (chapter 8) study guide(with solutions).
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exp3604 module 7 (chapter 8) study guide(with solutions).
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exp3604 module 7 (chapter 8)study guide(with solutions)
inference
logical interpretations and conclusions that were never part of the
original stimulus material
semantic memory
refers to our organized knowledge about the world
doesn't specify /how/ we acquired that information
includes general knowledge, lexical/language knowledge,
conceptual knowledge; influences most cognitive activities,
categories/concepts
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episodic memory
contains information about events that happened to us
emphasizes when/where/how these events happened to us
, category
set of objects that belong together, considered at least partly
equivalent
tells us something about its members, tells us how to deal with
things
ex. "fruit"
concept
mental representation of a category
used to place objects into categories
ex. fruits = sweet, grown, healthy, edible
prototype
the item that is the best, most typical example of a category
prototype approach
you decide whether a particular item belongs to a category by
comparing this item to a prototype
may be more suitable for categories with numerous members
abstraction process (devising a list of features/prototypes) which
forces you to discard useful information
proto-typicality
degree to which members in a category are representative of that
category
not all members are created equal; some members are more
prototypical than others
ex. dogs are more prototypical than iguanas in the category of
household pets
graded structure
begins with the most representative/prototypical members, and
continues on though the category's nonprototypical members
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