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Honors Biology FINAL Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified/ latest Version (2024/2025)
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Honors Biology FINAL Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified/ latest Version (2024/2025)
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Honors Biology FINAL Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/Verified/ latest Version (2024/2025)
Know the characteristics of prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes and the kingdoms that fall under
each category. - ✔✔prokaryotic - (single-celled, 3.5byo, smaller, no nucleus/membrane-
bound organelles, Archaebacteria & Eubacteria)
eukaryotic - (mostly multicellular (except for some protists), 1.5byo, larger, have nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Animals)
What is a change in gene frequency of a population over time due to natural selection? -
✔✔Evolution
Evolution occurs primarily by what process? - ✔✔Natural selection
What is the following process called? Individuals in a species that are better suited for their
environment are more likely to survive and pass on their more favorable genes than those
individuals with less favorable genes. - ✔✔Natural selection
Sexual reproduction increases a species' likelihood of surviving in a changing environment
and increases the rate of evolution. How does it do this? - ✔✔Genetic diversity
How does growth occur in a multicellular organism? - ✔✔Cell replication
Order from smallest to largest: atoms up to the Universe (i.e., atoms, molecules,
macromolecules, etc.) - ✔✔atoms > molecules > macromolecules (i.e. nucleic acids,
proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) > organelles > cells > tissue > organs > organ systems >
organism > population > ecosystem > biosphere > Earth > solar system > galaxy > local group
> super cluster > Universe
What is the use of one or more of the senses (chemoreceptors, photoreceptors, etc.) to
perceive objects or events? - ✔✔Observation
What is the process of drawing conclusions on the basis of facts or past experiences? -
✔✔Inferring
,(T or F) In science, in order to reach an informed opinion on an issue you must be able to
look at the issue from as many view points as possible. - ✔✔True
The cell theory, theory of natural selection, theories of specific and general relativity, big
bang theory, and theory of plate tectonics are generally accepted by scientists today
because... - ✔✔of repeated testing over periods of many years
List in order the electrical charges of protons, neutrons and electrons and where each is
located in an atom. - ✔✔proton = + (nucleus)
neutron = 0 (nucleus)
electron = - (surrounding nucleus)
Which of the above subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) determines the
type of element? (All elements of a particular type have the same number of what
subatomic particles?) - ✔✔Protons
What is the difference between an element, an ion, a compound and a molecule? -
✔✔elements = atoms having the same number of protons thus the same chemical
properties
ion = charged atom or molecule
compound = 2 or more different atoms chemically bound
molecule = 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
What are bonds that form from the SHARING of pairs of electrons between atoms such as
carbon and hydrogen? - ✔✔covalent
How do ionic bonds form? - ✔✔bonds formed from the attraction of opposite charges
because atoms are giving or receiving electrons
Muddy water is an example of what type of mixture? - ✔✔heterogeneous mixture
(suspension)
, In photosynthesis, _________ energy is converted into ________ energy. - ✔✔- light energy
is converted into chemical energy
What substances increase the rate of a chemical reaction without themselves being used up
in the reaction? - ✔✔catalysts
What 6 elements make up 99% of all living things? - ✔✔H, O, N, C, S, P
What things are involved in reactions where proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates
are broken down during digestion in the small intestine by the addition of water? -
✔✔hydrolysis (add water to break bonds) and enzymes
What things are involved in reactions where proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates
are made by adding water? - ✔✔dehydration synthesis (removal of water to form bonds)
and enzymes.
What are the building block monomers of carbohydrates? - ✔✔monosaccharides = simple
sugars
Triglycerides are composed of what building block monomers? - ✔✔3 fatty acids and
glycerol.
Proteins are composed of what building block monomers? - ✔✔Amino Acids
What ultimately determines what protein is made and how? - ✔✔DNA
What are the building block monomers of enzymes? - ✔✔Amino Acids
What 3 conditions denature enzymes? - ✔✔heat, high pH, low pH
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