Foundations of Vascular Sonography Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
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Course
Vascular Sonography
Institution
Vascular Sonography
Foundations of Vascular Sonography Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
planes - Answers defines as if you were to make cutes through the body with a buzz saw
transverse - Answers this plane divides the body cross sectionally into top and bottom (short axis)
sagittal - Answers this plane divides...
Foundations of Vascular Sonography Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
planes - Answers defines as if you were to make cutes through the body with a buzz saw
transverse - Answers this plane divides the body cross sectionally into top and bottom (short axis)
sagittal - Answers this plane divides the body into right and left sections (longitudinal or long axis)
coronal - Answers this plane divides the body into front and bak sections; also known as frontal
oblique - Answers this is any plane which is not transverse, longitudinal, or cornal
medial - Answers toward the center line of the body
lateral - Answers away from the center line of the body
proximal - Answers closer to the point of attachment, the origin of a vessel
distal - Answers further away from the point of attachment, the origin
cephalad - Answers toward the head
caudal - Answers toward the feet
superior - Answers above; toward the head; generally interchangeable with cephalad
inferior - Answers below; toward the feet
superficial - Answers closer to the surface, skin
deep - Answers farther down from the surface, skin
anterior - Answers toward the front of the body
posterior - Answers toward the back of the body
ultrasound - Answers very high frequency sound waves in the millions of cycles per second are bounced
off structures and moving blood inside the body to obtain images and flow signals
transducer - Answers any device that changes energy from one form into another; electrical energy into
mechanical vibrations of the crystals producing ultrasound waves and which also changes the echoes
back into electrical energy for display on the screen
beam - Answers the ultrasound emitting from a transducer
plaque - Answers atherosclerotic material that builds up on the walls of the arteries, causing arterial
problems
hemodynamical plaque - Answers signifiant lesions, which restrict flow
, thromboembolic plaque - Answers can send small clots into distal circulation
lumen - Answers the space inside a vessel; the open part of the bessel through which blood flows
residual lumen - Answers the space inside the vessel that is left open by plaque or clot
stenosis - Answers narrowing of a vessel, usually of an artery, usually caused by atherosclerotic plaque
focal acceleration, turbulence - Answers any significant arterial stenosis is suggested on the duplex scan
by two things: _________ ________ of flow velocities and _____________ distal to the stenosis
bifurcation - Answers the point at which vessels divide or branch, common site for stenosis due to
plaque build up
carotid bifurcation - Answers a common site for stenosis
collateral circulation - Answers alternate pathways of blood flow that become functional in the event of
arterial or venous obstruction
embolus - Answers any object traveling through the circulation that may lodge in a vessel and cause
occlusion
thrombus, air, tumor cells, clumps of fat - Answers types of embolus
arterial embolus - Answers we are usually concerned with thromboembolic activity arising from
ulcerated plaque or from aneurysms
venous embolus - Answers we are usually concerned with pulmonary emboli arising from deep venous
thrombosis of the lower extremity
hemodynamics - Answers the study of blood flow characteristics; the understand of normal and
abnormal hemodynamics is necessary to perform and interpret doppler flow studies
doppler effect - Answers a shift in frequency caused by motion
doppler flow studies - Answers ultrasound is bounced off of doing red blood cells; the frequency of the
ultrasound waves is shifted by the movement of the blood this shift provides diagnostic info about the
velocity and the character of flow
continuous wave - Answers an instrument that sends doppler ultrasound waves out continuously with
one crystal and receives the echoes continuously with another crystal; measures extremely high
velocities without site of velocity
pulsed doppler - Answers doppler ultrasound sent out in discrete bursts, or pulses; detects medium to
high velocities
upper limis - Answers (nyquist limits) frequencies can be subject to aliasing
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