Virology Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT ANSWERS
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Course
Virology
Institution
Virology
Virology Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT
ANSWERS
What type of virus is zika virus and how is it spread? - CORRECT ANSWER- Flavivirus
family; spread by mosquitoes
which statement about polyadenylation of DNA viruses mRNAs is correct?
a. it always occurs in the cytoplasm
b....
Virology Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT
ANSWERS
What type of virus is zika virus and how is it spread? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Flavivirus
family; spread by mosquitoes
which statement about polyadenylation of DNA viruses mRNAs is correct?
a. it always occurs in the cytoplasm
b. it occurs after cleavage of pre-mRNA
c. polyA is added at the 5' end of pre-mRNA
d. is specified by a stretch of U residues in the template - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔b
adenovirus E1A protein stimulating the expression of adenovirus E2 protein which then
stimulates the expression of adenovirus IVa2 and L4 protein is an example of:
a. a negative auto regulatory loop
b. repression of gene expression
c. cascade regulation
d. dimerization - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔c
What serum samples do zika virus cross react with? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dengue,
yellow fever, and CHIK (makes prevalence of zika difficult to nail down)
Zika virus effect on pregnant woman: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔may be passed from
mother to child and cause birth defect microcephaly (small head); studies suggest infection
during 1st trimester leads to the defects
List zika virus virology info. - genome, structure, entry mechanism, and transcription -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔-genome: (+)ssRNA
,-structure: enveloped icosahedral
-entry: receptor mediated endocytosis and low-pH induced fusion
-transcription: mRNA genome is immediately translated into 1 large polypeptide that is
cleaved by cellular & viral enzymes into individual proteins
Where was the largest outbreak of zika virus obsered? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔brazil
How does zika virus enter the human population? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔warm, urban
environments with standing pools of water attracts mosquitoes can lead to spread of virus
(biting ppl), possible that zika can be transmitted via sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, &
in utero
cycle where mosquitos feed on monkeys that are infected and the virus goes back and forth
between monkey and mosquito - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔sylvatic cycle
cycle where mosquito finds a human to feed on and transmits a virus to a human -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔urban cycle
Where does zika virus originate? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔nonhuman primates in tropical
rain forests
Zika is considered a _____ virus because it is transmitted via an insect vector - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔Arthropod- Borne
an ___ is an arthropod-borne virus - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔arbovirus
What species of mosquito carries zika virus? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔aedes aegypti,
aedes albopictus, yellow fever mosquito
two examples of an arthropod that can carry an arbovirus - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔mosquito, tick (sandflies, aphids)
,Describe a mosquito becoming a carrier of zika virus: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔bite -->
saliva numbing --> intake an infected blood meal --> virus infects midgut cells --> virus
spreads to hemolymph --> virus reaches salivary glands & replicates
Describe mosquito transmitting zika virus to human: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔infected
mosquito bites human --> injects saliva+zika --> zika enters human
How long does it take for a mosquito to become infectious with zika virus? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔3-10 days
why are arbovirus infections a long process? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the virus needs to
fully replicate in a mosquito before it infects a human
Why do only female mosquitos bite humans? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔they require a
blood meal to produce eggs
Zika virus symptoms, prevention, and treatment: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔symptoms:
fever, headache, red eyes, skin rash, fatigue, joint pain
prevention: bug spray,cover water sources, insect screens
treatment: hydration
What virus is zika virus most similar to? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dengue virus
Most cases of zika virus are _____ - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔asymptomatic
During what year did US territories experience the most explosive zika virus outbreak? -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔2016
how did zika virus enter the US? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔people traveling from areas
with zika (most people are asymptomatic, so they don't know they are infected)
, what factor helps break the transmission cycle of zika in the US? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔people don't spend as much time outside
Describe ebola virus symptoms and spread: - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Symptoms: blood in
vomit or diarrhea, skin rash, fever, muscle/joint pain
Spread: fruit eaten by infected animals, infected medical equipment, contact w/ infected ppl
or animals, infected stool or urine
entry mechanism: macropinocytosed into cell (too big to be endocytosed), low pH causes
confirmational changes
transcription: m
How deadly is ebola virus? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔50-90% of infected people die (due
to high loss of fluids)
What is the incubation period for ebola virus? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔2-21 days (not
contagious until symptoms begin to show)
true/false:
you can transmit ebola even if you don't show any symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔false
true/false:
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