PHTLS 10th Edition Pre & Post Test (2024 / 2025) Updated Questions and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
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Course
PHTLS
Institution
PHTLS
PHTLS 10th Edition Pre & Post Test
(2024 / 2025) Updated Questions
and Verified Answers, 100%
Guarantee Pass
Subdural Hematoma - ANS-results from a venous bleed and
is associated with direct brain injury
- bridging veins are torn during a violent blow to the head
- blood collects in the ...
PHTLS 10th Edition Pre & Post Test
() Updated Questions
and Verified Answers, 100%
Guarantee Pass
Subdural Hematoma - ANS-results from a venous bleed and
is associated with direct brain injury
- bridging veins are torn during a violent blow to the head
- blood collects in the subdural space, between the dura
mater and the arachnoid membrane
- present in 2 ways:
1. significant trauma - tearing of bridging veins results in
rapid accumulation of blood in subdural space -- acutely
depressed mental status
2. subdural space enlarges due to brain atrophy - can be
asymptomatic - elderly falls or minor trauma
Symptoms: headache, visual disturbances, personality
changes, difficulty speaking, hemiparesis or hemiplegia that
is slow to progress
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - ANS-bleeding that occurs
under arachnoid membrane - cannot enter the subdural
space
,- many of the brain vessels are in this space
- typically thin and usually causes mass effect
- usually results from spontaneous rupture of cerebral
aneurysms and causes sudden onset of worst headache of
patients life
- severe headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness
- blood in arachnoid space can cause meningeal signs - pain
and stiffness of neck, visual complaints, and photophobia
Cerebral Contusions - ANS-common in both patients with
severe brain injuries and in those with moderate head
injuries
- occur from locations far from the site of impact, often on
the opposite side of the brain (coup-contrecoup injury)
- often take 12-24 hrs to appear on CT scans
- only clue to its presence may be decrease GCS
- increase dramatically in anticoag or antiplatelet med pts
Skull Fractures - ANS-results from either blunt or
penetrating trauma
- linear fractures usually from blunt trauma
- powerful impact may produce a depressed skull fracture
- closed, nondepressed skull fracture increases risk of
intracranial hematoma
- closed, depressed skull fracture causes increase in ICP
- open skull fractures happen durig forceful impact or a
gunshot wound - entry site for bacteria (can cause
meningitis) if dura mater is torn CSF can leak
, Basilar Skull Fracture - ANS-fractures at the base of the skull
- most commonly involve temporal bone
- can cause tears in membranes, resulting in CSF leakage
- CSF from ears or nose
- periorbital ecchymosis: bruising over mastoid area behind
the ears
Secondary Brain Injury - ANS-injured brain tissue is
susceptible to further injury
- second impact, hypoxia, and hypotension are most
devastating
- continued injury or injury to structures that were originally
injured but not destroyed by the primary brain injury
- critical to AVOID and TREAT hypoxia and hypotension
Principles - ANS-defines the duties required of the
prehospital care provider in optimizing patient survival and
outcome
- ex: air, containing oxygen, must be moved through an open
airway into the lungs to facilitate oxygen CO2 exchange with
RBCs so they can deliever O2 to other tissues
Perferences - ANS-describes how a system and its individual
providers choose to apply scientific principles to the care of
patients
- ex: how airway management is implemented in a particular
patient
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