Right of way certification - ANSWERMaintaining vegetation in these
right-of-ways is of crucial importance and
involves controlling weeds,
IVM (integrated Vegetation management derived from IPM Integrated Pest Management) - ANSWERas the knowledge and understanding of pest management advanced th...
Right of way certification - ANSWERMaintaining vegetation in these
right-of-ways is of crucial importance and
involves controlling weeds,
IVM (integrated Vegetation management derived from IPM Integrated Pest Management) -
ANSWERas the knowledge and understanding of pest management advanced the strategies of
utilizing several methods of pest control at the right time to target specific pests became known as
integrated pest management.
LEGAL - state and federal laws require control of noxious weeds to help protect public and private
lands from degrading impacts
QUALITY - improving vegetation programs reduce costs and the use of pesticides at the same time
that it controls noxious and problem vegetation
COOPERATION - Working with other land managers improves weed control on public and private
land
PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE - When the public is educated about vegetation programs, the number of
complaints and lawsuits usually is reduced.
SAFETY - Reducing and eliminating problem vegetation improves sight distance and maintains clear
zones so roadside objects are visible to drivers
ECONOMICS - IVM increases productivity and effectiveness and in turn reduces short and long term
maintenance costs
EFFICIENCY - IVM contributes to the efficient use of equipment, personnel, and materials through
the scheduling and priorities
IVM programs strive to - ANSWERintegrate chemical, biological, mechanical, and cultural weed
control methods for optimum vegetation management
Annuals - - ANSWERcomplete life cycle in one growing season. seed from annual plant germinates,
grows int a mature plant, produces seeds in one growing season
Summer annual ex Russian Thistle and puncture vine
Winter annual - Cheatgrass and Cereal Rye
, Biennials - - ANSWERTake two years or growing seasons to complete their life cycle.
first year they grow and store foodreserves without flowering or producing seeds
second year or growing season - plant develops mature flowers and produces seeds
ex musk thistle and hounds tongue are example of weedy biennials
Perennials - ANSWERlive from year to year
have large root systems which make it hard for them to be killed.
ex bindweed, leafy spurge and Russian knapweed
IVM for different types of weeds - ANSWERAnnualls and Biennials is obtained when they are in the
young seedling and rosette stages
Perennials are most vulnerable in prebloom and blooming stage because the weed is putting in most
of their energy into seed production
Grasses - - ANSWERmost common plant species found on right of ways
monocots - plant has one sead leaf at germination
most grasses are very useful... but some species are weeds
two ex. Cheatgrass and medusahead rye
Classification of Soil texture by feel - ANSWERSand, loamy sand; feels gritty but does not ribbon or
smear o the hand
Sandy loam: feels gritty and leaves a smear on the hand, but does not ribbon
Silt loam: feels smooth and flour like, but does not ribbon
Sandy clay loam: fells gritty and forms a ribbon that breaks into pieces
Sandy clay: feels gritty anf forms long pliable ribbons ( ribbon is being able to extend the soil when
compacted -- silly putty or play dough )
Water flow in different soils - ANSWERwater does not infiltrate clay soils at all while water moves
through sandy soils at a very fast rate
Organic soil criteria - ANSWER1.) the mineral content of the soil has no clay and the organic content
is 20% or more
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