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SOP 3004 - EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE

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SOP 3004 - EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE Prejudice - Answer-a preconceived negative JUDGEMENT or attitude of a group and its individual members. Implicit - Answer-automatic; we might not even know we feel this way (outside of awareness) Implicit Association Test - Answer-Studies on approach speeds of dif...

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  • October 7, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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EmillyCharlotte
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SOP 3004 - EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE

Prejudice - Answer✔✔-a preconceived negative JUDGEMENT or attitude of a group

and its individual members.


Implicit - Answer✔✔-automatic; we might not even know we feel this way



(outside of awareness)

Implicit Association Test - Answer✔✔-Studies on approach speeds of different races

show that people appear to walk slower towards us if they are from races we

subconsciously do not like. (They are actually not walking faster, we are just more

attuned to their presence.)

Explicit - Answer✔✔-we know we feel this way



(fully aware)

Stereotype - Answer✔✔-generalized BELIEFS about a group of people



belief about personal attributes of a group of people.

○ Can be positive, or negative. May be accurate.

○ It's a generalization

DISCRIMINATION - Answer✔✔-unjustified negative BEHAVIOR toward a group or its

members

Can stereotypes be

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Positive?

Accurate?

Exaggerated? - Answer✔✔-a) It can be positive but these sometimes hurt more than

help

(1) "Women are wonderful" Effect

b) Positive stereotypes

(1) Asians are crazy smart

(2) African Americans are super good at basketball

Are stereotypes the same as prejudice? - Answer✔✔-No

Belief vs Judgement



They are generalizations, which can oftentimes represent accurate

tendencies or behaviors of groups.

○ They can even be favorable "women are wonderful" effect.

● Watch out for OVERgeneralizations - exaggerated claims about certain

groups

Discrimination - Answer✔✔-a negative behavior towards a particular group of people



Ex:

1. Insulting someone because of their race

2. Treating someone with disrespect because of their age

Racism - Answer✔✔-an individual PREJUDICIAL ATTITUDES & DISCRIMINATORY

BEHAVIOR toward people of a

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given race.

Institutional Practices (Racism) - Answer✔✔-(which may not be motivated by

prejudice at all) that treat unfairly people of a given race or ethnic group.

Sexism - Answer✔✔-an individual's PREJUDICIAL ATTITUDES &

DISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIOR toward people of a



given sex

Institutional Practices (Sexism) - Answer✔✔-(which may not be motivated by

prejudice at all) that treat unfairly people of a given sex.

Sexism can be _______ & __________ - Answer✔✔-Benevolent & Hostile

Benevolent Sexism - Answer✔✔-"Women are so much nicer than men."



-can have a negative effect

Hostile Sexism - Answer✔✔-"Women can't fly airplanes!"

Gender Stereotypes - Answer✔✔-> class experiment

○ People notice when stereotypes of gender are violated (e.g. Flat heads - Stephanie

Shirley)

○ ⅔ of the world's unschooled children are girls



patted on the head so much that's where the idea of flathead comes about

Have we improved overall with respect to


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prejudice? - Answer✔✔-Western democratic countries - YES



However, asking white vs. black,

Women vs. men can alter the answer

Based upon perspective

The Roots of Prejudice



Who is most likely to be prejudiced? - Answer✔✔-Unequal status leads to strong

prejudice



a) Those with authoritarian personalities tend to be prejudiced and stereotyping



The Authoritarian Personality (obedience, respect for authority)

○ More likely to exhibit / prone to engage in prejudice and stereotyping

The Roots of Prejudice



Religion - Answer✔✔-a) White or Fundamentalist church members express more

prejudice

b) The more loyal a person is to church, the more prejudiced

c) The more a person adheres to the teachings of religion, the less prejudiced



○ Largely a misnomer / overgeneralization

The Roots of Prejudice

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