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FPC Periodontology Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers A+ Graded
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FPC Periodontology Exam Questions And 100%Correct Answers A+ Graded
PDL
Soft, richly vascular cellular connective tissue
surrounds the roots of the teeth
joins the root cementum with socket wall
Where does the PDL arise?
Dental follicles
as crown approaches oral mucosa, the fibroblasts in the follicle produce collagen fibrils
non-organized to organized oriented
Why is the PDL present?
Proprioception (sense movement)
the presence of PDL enables forces developed by masticatory function as well as other
contacts of the teeth to be dissipated to alveolar bone
Basic functions of PDL
Attachment (teeth to bone)
shock absorption (resistance to impact from occlusal forces)
force transmission (transmits forces to bone)
,protective (soft tissue casing protecting vessels and nerves)
PDL supplies nutrients to the.
cementum, bone, gingiva through blood vessels **also provide lymphatic drainage
PDL sensory nerve fibres are capable of transmitting.
tactile, pressure, and pain receptors via trigeminal pathways
PDL cells involve the formation and resorption of
bone and cementum
PDL in X-ray
hourglass shaped
thinnest at mid-root level
average width of PDL: 0.2-0.4 mm
narrow in teeth not in function
can become widened in teeth with excessive load
Important fibers in PDL
Type I collagen arranged in bundles following a wavy course
Cells of PDL
-Fibroblast (most abundant)
-Osteoblast like fibroblasts
-Osteoclast
,-Cementoblast
-epithelial cells (rests of malassez)
-nerve fibers
-immune cells
matrix of PDL
glycosaminoglycans
True PDL fibers, principle fibers, develop in conjunction with
eruption of the tooth (dental follicles)
reticular fibers are made up of
collagen type III
The 5 groups of principle fibers in PDL
from outermost to innermost
1. alveolar crest fibers
2. horizontal fibers
3. oblique fibers
4. apical fibers
5. interradicular fibers (between roots)
periodontal fibers do not stretch from cementum to bone, but they form a .
meshwork of interconnected fibers
Sharpeys fibers
bundles of PDL fibers inserted into cementum and alveolar bone
Epithelial cells in PDL are called
epithelial cells rests of Malassez (ERM)
epithelial cells rests of Malassez (ERM) are remnants of the
, Hertwigs epithelial root sheath
IMPORTANT featuers of Epithelial Cells Rests of Malassez (ERM)
1. maintain PDL homeostasis to prevent ankylosis
2. maintain PDL space, prevent root resorption
3. serve as target during PDL innervation and help cementum repair
4. source of stem cells for periodontal regeneration
5. involved in odontogenic cysts formation
Cementodentinal junction (CDJ)
terminal apical area of cementum that joins the internal root canal dentin
*when root canal treatment is formed, the material should be at the CDJ
Hypercementosis local and systemic factors
Local factors:
Abnormal occlusion
adjacent inflammation
unopposed teeth
repair of vital root fracture
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