Fundamentals of Glomerulonephritis Practice Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+
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Course
Glomerulonephritis
Institution
Glomerulonephritis
Fundamentals of Glomerulonephritis Practice Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+
What is glomerulonephritis? - Answers -renal dz in which an *immunologic mechanism* triggers inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue
-can results in damage to the glomerular basement membrane, me...
Fundamentals of Glomerulonephritis Practice Questions with complete Solutions Rated A+
What is glomerulonephritis? - Answers -renal dz in which an *immunologic mechanism* triggers
inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue
-can results in damage to the glomerular basement membrane, mesangium, or glomerular capillary
What amount of protein is lost in microalbuminuira, macroalbuminuria, nephritic syndrome, and
nephrotic syndrome - Answers -Microalbuminuria: 30-300 mg
-macroalbuminuria >300 mg per day
-nephritic: 1-3 gm/day
-nephrotic: >3gm per day
what are the 3 big findings in nephritic syndrome? - Answers 1. Hematuria (dark urine)
2. proteinuria (1-3 gm/day)
3. RBC casts
-can also have Hypertension, reduced GFR, oliguria, AKI, edema and fluid overload
what are the 4 big findings in nephrotic syndrome? - Answers 1. hypoalbuminemia 2. heavy proteinuria
(>3gm)
3. edema
4. hyperlipidemia
How does the immune system dysfunction damage the glomerulus? - Answers -damage is caused by the
deposition of immune complexes and compliment in the tissue of glomerulus
-also by invasion of polymorphonucular neutrophils
-this causes reactive thickening of the GBM
What are the 4 types of GN in reference to how much of the glomerulus is involved? - Answers -Focal:
<50% of the glomeruli are involved
-diffuse: all the glomeruli are involved
-segmental: only part of the glomerular tuft is involved (<50% of tuft)
, -global: the entire glomerular tuft is involved
What are the clinical findings of acute GN? - Answers -edema (scrotal, periorbital and facial)
-general weakness, fever, abd pain, malaise
-HTN
-dark urine and possible oliguria
-evidence and renal failure (high BUN and Cr)
-U/A: proteinuria, RBC casts
what is the initial lab work up for someone you suspect has acute GN? - Answers -CH50, C3, and C4
levels
-anti-GM auto-antibodies
-ANA
-anti-dsDNA
-ANCA (vasculitis)
-HIV
-Viral Hep panel
-anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody
Which results of the renal biopsy signal which etiology of GN? - Answers -minimal or no deposits: Pauci-
immune GN, GPA, churg-strauss (type 3 RPGN)
-linear deposits: anti-GBM GN (type 1 RPGN)
-granular deposits: PSGN, IgA nephropathy, HSP, HIV, HBV, HCV associated GN, cryoglobinemia, SLE or
other autoimmune disorder (RPGN type 2)
what are the etiologies acute glomerular nephritis? - Answers -PSGN
-IgA nephropathy (bergers dz)
-Henoch-Schonlein
-Anti-GBM GN
-cryoglobulin associated GN
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