NURS 8022 Exam 3
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1. Which of the following disorders can lead to a low V/Q A. Pulmonary ede-
mismatch? ma
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Pulmonary Embolism
C. Pulmonary Hypertension
D. Hypercapnia
2. Nitric oxide, which is released by the glomerular en- B. Vasodilation
dothelial cells, causes which physiological process
to occur?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Vasodilation
3. What would be a normal physiological response in re- The patient's
gard to osmosis be in a patient with hyperglycemia? serum is hyperton-
ic and the fluid will
move out of the
cell
4. How does the parasympathetic nervous system de- Release of ACH
crease heart rate? from the parasym-
pathetic system
increases the per-
meability of K+
ions and leads
to hyperpolariza-
tion of the cell.
5. A patient is in renal failure. The patient reports a Prerenal; dehydra-
history of severe diarrhea for several days. They also tion
report they have not been able to eat or drink anything
for the last 24 hours due to not feeling well. The NP
would suspect that this patient's renal failure is a
(pre/intral/post renal) and is due to (dehydration/is-
chemia/urinary obstruction).
6. Which of the following cardiac alterations could lead A. Aortic stenosis
to left sided hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
A. Aortic stenosis
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B. Pulmonary hypertension
C. Cardiac dilation
D. Amyloidosis
7. Natriuretic peptides increase the _________ of sodi- excretion
um?
8. A patient presents with right sided heart failure, what Left sided heart
is the most likely cause? failure
9. If a patient's BP was 200/120 what would you expect Afferent arteriole
to occur physiologically in the kidneys? constriction
10. GFR is directly related to.. renal blood flow
and perfusion
pressure in the
glomerular capil-
laries
11. Which of the following represents ventricular systole QT interval
on the ECG?
A. PR interval
B. QRS
C. ST interval
D. QT interval
12. When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads Protein
that there is nephrotic sediment in the urine. This
means there is a large presence of
13. When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads Blood
that there is nephritic sediment in the urine. This
means there is a large presence of
14. What are two functions of surfactant in the lungs? -Keeps alveoli
open and free of
fluid
-Decreases sur-
face tension by
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blocking H2O and
H+ binding
15. If a patients has low plasma volume what is the nor- Thirst
mal physiological response?
16. Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? Phrenic nerve
17. Which lipid carried cholesterol to the tissues? LDL
18. What three areas does gas exchange occur? Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveoli
19. Gas exchange airways are served by the C. Pulmonary cir-
A. Cardiac circulation culation
B. Venous circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
20. Bronchi and other lung structures are served by the B. Pulmonary cir-
A. Cardiac circulation culation
B. Systemic circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
21. Pulmonary circulation functions Facilitate gas ex-
change
Deliver nutrients
to lung tissue
Act as blood
reservoir for L ven-
tricle
Filtering system
22. pH range 7.35-7.45
23. PaCO2 range 35-45
24. PaO2 75-100 mmHg
25. HCO3 range 22-26 mEq/L
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