Pathophysiology Exam 1 Davis
Advantage (part 1) Questions and
Answers |100% Correct| Latest Version
2024/2025
Which of the following mechanisms is most responsible for cellular injury during ischemia?
Reduced ATP production due to lack of oxygen
Increased production of lactic acid
Overpr...
Pathophysiology Exam 1 Davis
Advantage (part 1) Questions and
Answers |100% Correct| Latest Version
2024/2025
Which of the following mechanisms is most responsible for cellular injury during ischemia?
✅ Reduced ATP production due to lack of oxygen
Increased production of lactic acid
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Enhanced calcium influx into cells
What is the best description of apoptosis?
Cell necrosis caused by trauma
Cellular injury resulting in tissue inflammation
✅ Programmed cell death that occurs in an orderly manner
A rapid process that triggers immune system activation
Which phase of the cell cycle is most associated with DNA synthesis?
G1 phase
M phase
✅ S phase
G2 phase
Which of the following types of necrosis is most commonly seen in tuberculosis?
Liquefactive necrosis
✅ Caseous necrosis
Coagulative necrosis
Fat necrosis
What is the primary function of mitochondria in cells?
Detoxification of harmful substances
Protein synthesis
✅ ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation
Regulation of calcium levels
Which electrolyte is most commonly associated with maintaining the resting membrane potential
in excitable cells?
✅ Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Chloride
1
, Which process is primarily responsible for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)?
Mitochondrial ATP production
✅ Oxygen metabolism during cellular respiration
Breakdown of fatty acids
Protein degradation in lysosomes
Which of the following is a key hallmark of cancer cells?
Reduced capacity for cell division
Increased susceptibility to programmed cell death
✅ Loss of contact inhibition and uncontrolled proliferation
Reduced angiogenesis and vascular formation
What role do free radicals play in oxidative stress?
Promote cell repair and regeneration
Enhance the immune response
✅ Cause cellular damage through unpaired electron reactions
Reduce inflammation by neutralizing toxins
How does ischemia contribute to cellular injury?
Enhances glucose uptake for energy production
Promotes the release of growth factors
✅ Restricts blood flow and deprives tissues of oxygen
Prevents the accumulation of intracellular calcium
Which of the following is a feature of liquefactive necrosis?
Presence of fibrotic scar tissue
✅ Breakdown of tissue into a liquid mass
Formation of granulomas
Deposition of calcium in necrotic tissue
In which organelle does most protein synthesis occur?
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
✅ Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following triggers the inflammatory response in cells after an injury?
Mitochondrial dysfunction
✅ Release of cytokines and chemokines
Inhibition of cell signaling pathways
Activation of the coagulation cascade
What happens to cells undergoing hypertrophy?
The number of cells increases
Cells undergo atrophy
2
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