HESI LPN/PN FUNDAMENTALS EXAM NEWEST 2024
WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS (DETAILED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
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The single most effective way to stop the spread of infection - ANSWER-Hand
hygiene
Reducing the number of organisms in an environment (ex. Cleaning the tub
with disinfectant before giving a bath) - ANSWER-Medical asepsis
Breaks the chain of infection at its various links of reservoir and the portal of
exit (removes all organisms - ANSWER-Sterilization
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWER-The principle of infection control that
considers every clients blood and body fluid infections
When should you wash your hands? - ANSWER-1. before and after touching a
resident
2. after using the toilet
3. when arriving to work
4. before and after gloving
5. after touching contaminated items
,6. after nose-blowing, sneezing or coughing
7. before and after eating
Why should you hold your hands lower than your forearms while
handwashing? - ANSWER-Water flows from the least contaminated to the most
contaminated
What breaks the chain of infection? - ANSWER-handwashing
What is a hospital acquired infections called? - ANSWER-Nosocomial infections
Where are the phases of infection? - ANSWER-Pathogen, reservoir, portal of
exit, means of transmission, portal of entry, new host
When is a patient most contagious? - ANSWER-Within the first 24 hours and 24
hours after starting medication
Wear gown, gloves and educate the family when? - ANSWER-Caring for a
contagious person (ex. C-diff)
Standard Precautions are: - ANSWER-Group of safety measures performed to
prevent the transmission of pathogens found in the blood and body fluids (ex.
Performing hand hygiene, wearing appropriate PPE if exposure is possible &
using cough etiquette)
isolation precautions are: - ANSWER-Placing an infectious patient in a private
room with a private toilet and equipment breaks the chain of infection the
portal exit
,Droplet precautions - ANSWER-Use when in close contact with respiratory or
mucous membrane secretions
Proper way to remove a gown? - ANSWER-Grasp the neckline to remove
Always use what to clean areas that are used by multiple patients? - ANSWER-A
disinfectant (ex. bathtub, bedside tables)
How often should a person cares be done? - ANSWER-A minimum of every
morning and evening
Morning routine cares include? - ANSWER-Assisting with bath, toileting, oral
care, hair care, dressing, bedding
HS (Night Cares) include? - ANSWER-Assist to prepare for sleep, assist with
toileting, offer fluids if allowed, straighten room, dim lights, back massage,
dressing & bedding
How often should oral cares and repositioning be done on an unresponsive
patient? - ANSWER-every 2 hours
When and why should back ribs be given? - ANSWER-Back rubs should be done
during skin care to improve venous circulation and promote relaxation (also
done before bed & during a bed bath, remember dying pts also)
Ted stockings are also called what? - ANSWER-Thromboembolic (antiembolism)
stockings
What are TED stockings used for? - ANSWER-Prevention of boycotts, and
reduce swelling and edema
, How do you TED stockings work? - ANSWER-They work by providing venous
circulation to the heart
Difference between an open and close the bed? - ANSWER-Open bed has
sheets turned down and ready to be occupied
Clothes bed is fully dressed
A bed that has fan folded sheets to the far side of the bed is for? - ANSWER-
Post-operative beds
What is the purpose of a footboard? - ANSWER-A. Prevent foot drop
What can we do to reduce friction and shearing in our patients? - ANSWER-Pad
and protect bony prominences and other vulnerable areas
Abdominal binders are used for what? - ANSWER-Support a patients abdomen
and sutures after a surgery.
prone position - ANSWER-lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be
turned to one side)
supine position - ANSWER-lying on back, facing upward, arms at side
What is the best position for orthopnea? - ANSWER-Fowlers position- usually
over a bed side table
Sheet burns from friction and shear can be caused when? - ANSWER-When
patients are boosted up in bed frequently
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