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NUR 546 Exam 3 Questions And 100% Correct Answers
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NUR 546 Exam 3 Questions And 100% Correct AnswerspH range
7.35-7.45
PaO2
80-100 mmHg
PaCO2
35-45 mmHg
HCO3
22-26 mEq/L
SaO2
>95%
Respiratory Acidosis
PaCO2 >45 mmHg
Respiratory alkalosis
PaCO2 < 35 mmHg
Metabolic acidosis
HCO3 < 22 mEq/L
Metabolic alkalosis
HCO3 > 26 mEq/L
,respiratory acidosis causes
Elevated PaCO2
Hypoventilation
Central Nervous System depression
(drugs [sedatives, opiates], alcohol, brainstem injury)
Pulmonary disease (COPD, PE, pneumonia, pulmonary edema)
Respiratory muscle weakness (paralysis, fatigue)
respiratory alkalosis causes
Low PaCO2
Hyperventilation
anxiety
pain
mechanical ventilation causing hyperventilation
,metabolic acidosis causes
Low PaHCO3
Accumulation of acid (poor perfusion, organ failure, altered metabolism)
Shock (lactic acid build up)
Renal failure (uric acid build up)
DKA (build up of ketoacids)
Intoxication (ASA overdose)
Bicarb deficit/loss (diarrhea)
metabolic alkalosis causes
Increased PaHCO3
Loss of acids
NG tube suctioning, vomiting
Drugs that cause hypokalemia (thiazide diuretics)
, Bicarb excess
antacid overdose
over-administration of NaHCO3
Uncompensated Respiratory Acidosis
pH = ↓
PaCO2 = ↑
HCO3 = ↔
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
pH = ↑
PaCO2 = ↓
HCO3 = ↔
Uncompensated Metabolic Acidosis
pH = ↓
PaCO2 = ↔
HCO3 = ↓
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