Ionic bonding is the process where metals transfer electrons to non-metals, resulting in the formation of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions. This transfer leaves both elements with full outer electron shells, resembling the electronic configuration of noble gases. The electro...
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Ionic Bonding
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Defining Ionic Bonding
As a general rule, metals are on the left of the Periodic Table and nonmetals are on the right-hand side
Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metallic element to a non-metallic element
Transferring electrons usually leaves the metal and the non-metal with a full outer shell
Metals lose electrons from their valence shell forming positively charged cations
Formation of cations
Cations are formed by the removal of electrons from metals
Non-metal atoms gain electrons forming negatively charged anions
Once the atoms become ions, their electronic configurations are the same as a stable noble gas.
A potassium ion (K+) has the same electronic configuration as argon: [2,8,8]+
A chloride ion (Cl-) also has the same electronic configuration as argon: [2,8,8]-
Formation of anions
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