Pneumonia Study Guide Exam Questions And All Correct Answers.
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Course
Pneumonia
Institution
Pneumonia
Pneumonia - Answer Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses.
-The airways are reduced by consolidation and fill with edema, exudate, and sputum.
-It is the leading cause of death in the U.S. from infecti...
Pneumonia Study Guide Exam
Questions And All Correct Answers.
Pneumonia - Answer Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung caused by various microorganisms,
including bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses.
-The airways are reduced by consolidation and fill with edema, exudate, and sputum.
-It is the leading cause of death in the U.S. from infectious disease
Pneumonia Etiology - Answer Results from interaction between pathogen and host when Virulent
pathogens overcome respiratory defenses of the lungs
When the respiratory system is exposed to infection, outcome depends on: - Answer -Condition of
respiratory defenses
-Number of pathogens
-Virulence of the pathogens
Bacteria commonly enter the lower airway, but do not cause pneumonia in the presence of intact host
defense mechanisms.
Risk Factors for Pneumonia - Answer Over patients at highest risk have either an Alteration in
respiratory defense mechanisms or an impaired immune system
-Older people
-Chronic respiratory diseases such as Asthma/COPD
-Chronic debilitating disease such as CHF/ DM
-Impaired gag reflex
-Immunosuppressed Individuals such as those on Chemotherapy, Immunosuppressive drugs (organ
transplant), Long-term oral corticosteroids for asthma or Aids
-Alcoholics/ drug abusers
, -Impaired Mucociliary Mechanism - Impairment of the self clearing mechanism of the Bronchi
Causes of Impaired Mucociliary mechanism - Answer -Pollution
-Cigarette smoking
-Aging
-Tracheal intubation
-Upper respiratory infection
Classifications of Pneumonia - Answer -Community Acquired (CAP)
-Healthcare Associated (HAP)
Also can be classified as Lobar/entire lobe or what agent is the cause of the infection
(Viral/bacterial/fungal)
*Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)* - Answer *Classified as CAP If acquired LESS THAN 48 hours
in the hospital*
-Occurs in community
-Begins as a common respiratory illness and progress to a pulmonary infection
- Most Often occurs in very young and elderly persons
Most Common Organism seen in CAP - Answer Streptococcus pneumonia
(Influenza also a common cause in older adults with comorbid diseases such as COPD)
*Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)* - Answer *Classified as HAP if acquired AFTER 48 hours in the
hospital*
-Transmission through direct contact through hands of hospital staff
-Effects Elderly, Postop Patients or patients on Mechanical Ventilation
-Second leading cause of hospital acquired infections behind UTI
Most Common Organisms Seen in HAP - Answer Commonly caused by bacteria including
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