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NSG 170 Test 1: Fluid & Electrolytes with Questions and 100% Correct Answers
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NSG 170 Test 1: Fluid & Electrolytes with Questions and 100% Correct Answers
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NSG 170 Test 1: Fluid & Electrolytes withQuestions and 100% Correct Answers
Blood Glucose - Answer Fasting 70-110
HgbA1C (glycosylated hemoglobin) 9%
up to 7% in clients with DM
Blood lipid levels: Total serum cholesterol - Answer <200
Blood lipid levels: LDL - Answer Low density
lipids <100
Blood lipid levels: HDL - Answer High density lipids
>40 (men) >50 (women)
Blood lipid levels: Triglycerides - Answer <150
<100 on medication
Anticoagulant Therapy Coagulation Times: PT - Answer Prothrombin time
11-14
Therapeutic range 1.5-2x normal or control
,Anticoagulant Therapy Coagulation Times: PTT - Answer Partial thromboplastin
time 16-40, remain <40
Therapeutic range 1.5-2x normal or control
Anticoagulant Therapy Coagulation Times: INR - Answer 0.9-1.2
Corrected range of client's protime to normal or anticoag 2-3
Therapeutic medication monitoring: Digoxin - Answer 0.8-2
Therapeutic medication monitoring: Lithium - Answer 0.4-1
Therapeutic medication monitoring: magnesium - Answer Level obtained 1 hr after load
dose, every 6 hrs, and after maintenance dose
4-8
Therapeutic medication monitoring: Phenobarbital - Answer 10-30
Therapeutic medication monitoring: theophylline - Answer 10-20
Never give a COPD patient more than how much O2? Why? - Answer 2
L Suppresses desire to breathe
Examples of respiratory problems that effect ABGs - Answer COPD, Asthma, Bronchitis,
anything effecting lungs
Examples of metabolic problems that effect ABSs - Answer Kidneys/renal, blood
transfusions
,Fluid intake and output comparison should equal in what amount of time? - Answer 24
hours
May take up to 3 days
Only way to monitor cardiac output/fluid volume - Answer Weight
fluid volume deficit/hypovolemia weight loss - Answer mild 2% of body weight loss
moderate 5%
severe >8%
fluid volume deficit/hypovolemia compensatory mechanisms - Answer Increased
thirst Increased ADH: oliguria and high urine specific gravity
Decreased interstitial fluid volume deficit/hypovolemia signs and symptoms - Answer
Decreased skin and tissue turgor
Dry mucous membranes
Sunken and soft eyeballs
Depressed fontanel in infants
Decreased vascular volume fluid deficit/hypovolemia signs and symptoms - Answer
Postural hypotension
Weak, rapid pulse
Decreased vein filling
Hypotension and shock (severe deficit)
Tachycardia
, Fluid volume excess/hypervolemia weight gain - Answer mild 2% of body weight gain
moderate 5%
severe >8%
Increased interstitial fluid volume/hypervolemia signs and symptoms - Answer Edema
Increased vascular volume excess/hypervolemia signs and symptoms - Answer Full and
bounding pulse
Venous distention (JVD head of bed 35 degree look at neck level)
Pulmonary edema (severe)
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
Crackles
Cough (Pink and frothy sputum)
Treatment for Fluid Volume Deficit/Hypovolemia - Answer Hypotonic IV
solutions Fluids
Encourage fluid intake
Monitor I&Os (ex. tray, urinal)
Treatment for Fluid Volume Excess/Hypervolemia - Answer Fluid restriction
ex 1500 mL/24 hrs
Monitor I&Os
Use ice chips to keep mouth moist
Give diuretics (ex Lasix (check K level before giving), HCTZ)
Restrict Na
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