Exam (elaborations)
GXMO Study Guide II -Questions and 100% Correct Verified Answer
- Course
- Institution
GXMO Study Guide II -Questions and 100% Correct Verified Answer
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
GXMO Study Guide II -Questions and100% Correct Verified Answers
Shelf life-age fog - Answer check the expiration date of the film often. Shelf life of 45
days is a reasonable maximum storage time for film
Pressure - Answer i. pressure artifacts are marks that sometimes appear on
the processed radiograph.
Phosphor (rare earth phosphor) layer - Answer A. the active layer of the screen.
i. The phosphor emits light during stimulation by x-rays.
i. Intensifying screens use a rare earth phosphor that is a fluorescent material that
emits light photons within 10 seconds after stimulation by x-rays.
ii. These photons are converted to a latent image on the film using silver halide
crystals as a storage medium.
Fluorescence - Answer Emission of visible light only during stimulation
,Dose reduction - Answer intensifying screens convert the energy of the x-ray beam into
visible light. This visible light then interacts with the film to form the latent image.
Approximately 30% of the x-rays striking a screen interact with the screen. The use of
screens results in lower patient dose but has the disadvantage of causing a slight
blurring of the image
Maintenance - Answer A. Clean the screen with the manufacture- preferred cleaner
and allow the screen to air dry.
Screen film contact test - Answer A. a wire mesh is placed on a cassette and x-rayed.
If there are any areas of blurring, poor screen film contact exists, and the cassette
needs to be replaced.
Developer - Answer A. A chemical, usually phenidone, hydroquinone, or Metol, that
reduces exposed silver ions to atomic silver
i. Provides a visible image from the latent image
ii. 5 mins manual processing and 22 seconds automatic processing
Developing agent - Answer i. Phenidone: reducing agent; produces shades of gray
rapidly. Hydroquinone: reducing agent; produces black tones slowly.
Activator - Answer Sodium carbonate: helps swell gelatin; produces alkalinity; controls
pH.
Restrainer - Answer i. Potassium bromide: antifog agent; protects unexposed
crystals from chemical "attack".
, Preservative - Answer i. : Sodium sulfite: controls oxidation; maintains balance
among developer components.
Hardener - Answer i. Glutaraldehyde: controls emulsion swelling and enhances archival
quality.
Sequestering - Answer i. Chelates: removes metallic impurities; stabilizes
developing agent.
Solvent developer - Answer Water: dissolves chemicals for use.
Fixer - Answer removes remaining silver halide from emulsion and hardens gelatin.
15 mins manual processing and 22 seconds automatic processing
Activator fixer - Answer acetic acid: neutralizes the developer and stops its action
Fixing agent - Answer i. ammonium thiosulfate: removes undeveloped silver bromine
from emulsion.
Hardener fixer - Answer potassium alum: stiffens and shrinks emulsion
Preservative fixer - Answer sodium sulfite: maintains chemical balance
Buffer - Answer i. acetate: maintains proper pH.
Sequestering agent fixer - Answer i. boric acids and salts: removes aluminum ions.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller KenAli. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
