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Essentials of Abnormal Psychology Exam 1 Questions with Latest Update
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abnormal behavior - Answer-actions that are unexpected and often evaluated negatively because they differ from typical or usual bx o DSM-IVTR psychological disorder - Answer-•A psychological disorder is a psychological dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in fx and a response th...

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  • October 3, 2024
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Essentials of Abnormal Psychology
Exam 1 Questions with Latest Update
abnormal behavior - Answer-actions that are unexpected and often evaluated negatively
because they differ from typical or usual bx
o DSM-IVTR

psychological disorder - Answer-•A psychological disorder is a psychological
dysfunction associated with distress or impairment in fx and a response that is not
typical or culturally expected

behavior therapy - Answer-• considers specific bxs rather than inferred conflicts as
legitimate targets for change

behavioral model - Answer-• the explanation for human bx, including human's
dysfunction, is based on principles of learning and adaptation derived from experimental
psychology

catharsis - Answer-• rapid or sudden release of emotional tension thought to be an
important factor in psychoanalytic therapy
• therapeutic to recall emotional trauma that has been made unconscious and to release
the accompanying tension

classical conditioning - Answer-• Pavlov, fundamental learning process. An event
automatically elicits a response is paired with another stimulus even that does not (a
neutral stimulus). After repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus become s a conditioned
stimulus that by itself can elicit the desired response

clinical description - Answer-• the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts and
feelings that make up a specific disorder

course (of disorder) - Answer-• pattern of development and change of a disorder over
time
• chronic-last long time, episodic-likely to recover in a few months, time-limited-improve
w/o tx in short period of time

defense mechanisms - Answer-• common pattern of bx, often an adaptive coping style
when it occurs in moderation, observed in response to a particular situation.
Psychoanalytic theory suggests tat defense mechanisms are unconscious processes
originating in the ego.

Ego - Answer-• part of our mind that ensure we act realistically
• characterized by logic and reason
• secondary processes

, Etiology - Answer-• cause or source of a disorder

Extinction - Answer-• learning process in which a response maintained by reinforcement
in operant conditioning or pairing in classical conditioning decreases when the
reinforcement/pairing is removed

free association - Answer-• patients are instructed to say whatever comes to mind
• therapy technique intended to explore threatening material

ID - Answer-• animal within us-source of our strong sexual/aggressive energies
• present at birth-basic drives-primary processes

Incidence - Answer-• number of new cases of a disorder appearing during a specific
period

Phobia - Answer-• psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear
of an object or situation

Presenting Problem - Answer-• original complaint reported by the client to the therapist.
The actual treated problem may be a modification derived from the presenting problem.

Prevalence - Answer-• number of people displaying a disorder in the total population at
any given time (compared with incidence)

Prognosis - Answer-• predicted development of a disorder over time

psychoanalysis - Answer-• assessment and therapy pioneered by Freud that
emphasizes exploration of, and insight into, unconscious processes and conflicts.

psychoanalytic model - Answer-• most comprehensive theory on the development of our
personalities

psychodynamic psychotherapy - Answer-• contemporary version of psychoanalysis that
still emphasizes unconscious processes and conflicts but is briefer and more focused
on specific problems

psychopathology - Answer-• scientific study of psychological disorders

reinforcement - Answer-• operant conditioning
• consequences of bx that strengthen or increase its frequency
• Positive=adding something to increase a behavior
• Negative=taking something away
• Unwanted bx may result from reinforcement of those bx or the failure to reinforce
desire bx

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