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STAT PEARLS- CHSOS Exam WITH 100- SURE ANSWERS
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10/3/24, 7:54 AMEUNICE
STAT PEARLS- CHSOS Exam WITH 100% SURE ANSWERS
Terms in this set (104)
The revised Bloom taxonomy has six hierarchical levels: remember, understand, apply,
analyze, evaluate, and create
Remember- Recall and understanding show basic knowledge of a topic. When a
learner moves to the evaluation phase, he/she has the ability to diagnose and treat but
move beyond that towards critically appraising other methods.
Understand
What are the 6 hierarchical levels of Bloom
Taxonomy?
Apply- When a learner applies information, he/she can show how they understand the
knowledge and use it in clinical practice.
Analyze
Evaluate
Create
RAPID CYCLE DELIBERATIVE: Feedback in rapid cycle deliberative practice comes
during multiple pauses, and micro debriefs within the scenario. Microdebriefing and the
What type of simulation is stopped subsequent repetition of some or all of the scenarios allow for the incorporation of this
repeatedly during the scenario? When is this feedback during iterative cycles of the simulation. Rapid cycle deliberative practice
type of simulation used? allows for multiple learning points to be addressed during different micro debriefs.
Highly scripted, algorithmic cases, such as those in a resuscitation, have been studied
for use in rapid cycle deliberative practice.
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A medical simulation program has been Giving observers specific tasks to complete while they observe their peers during a
started at a facility. While participants seem scenario and using these during the feedback session. There is some evidence for the
to enjoy their simulation scenarios, the post- use of "collaboration scripts," which are instructional tools with content-specific roles
course surveys suggest that they would like and activities for non-active participants to complete while they watch others. These
better-quality feedback on how they have may result in better quality feedback for the participants at the end of each scenario.
done. Before the next simulation course, a
literature review of recent trends in
simulation debriefing is done, and a new
debriefing technique is considered to
improve the learning experience. Which of
the following innovations is most likely to
improve the quality of debriefing for the
participants?
An understanding of educational principles such as
Miller's pyramid of clinical competence and
Benner's novice-to-expert model, guide the
determination of the appropriate level of fidelity.
"Shows how" refers to the demonstration of clinical
High-fidelity simulation is appropriate at all skills, which can be tested by OSCE, standardized
four levels of Miller's pyramid of clinical patients, clinical exams, etc. (competency).
competence. What are all four levels of "Does" refers to the top of the pyramid and
Miller's pyramid of clinical competence? And correlates to daily patient care, which can be
examples of how each level is tested. assessed by direct observation in clinical settings
(performance).
"Knows how" refers to the application of knowledge
and can be tested by clinical problem-solving.
"Knows" refers to the bottom of the pyramid and
correlates with knowledge, which can be tested by
written exams.
Knows- written exams
Knows how- clinical problem solving
Shows how- OSCE, clinical exams
Does- direct observation in clinical setting
Miller's pyramid and how it is tested
(simplified)
In Miller's pyramidal model, a learner progresses from knowledge (having knowledge
about a procedure) to competence (having knowledge about how to do a procedure)
to performance (being able to demonstrate the procedure) to action (actually
performing the procedure in the field).
unknown human errors in a system from the past that do not surface until triggered by
another event.
What are latent organizational weaknesses?
"If you pit a good performer against a bad system, the system will win every time."
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Deliberate practice is an educational framework that encompasses defined and
achievable learning objectives, focussed and repetitive practice, and informative and
personalized feedback in the form of a debrief. These factors ensure that set tasks and
skills can be practiced, and feedback can be delivered in a consistent and highly
educational format.
Simulation with deliberate practice has been shown to be more effective than
traditional methods of teaching in multiple studies. However, simulation cannot replace
the benefits of actual clinical experience.
what is deliberate practice?
Deliberate practice is an insight into the skills we are learning. This insight allows for
further development, and if performed several times, the learner becomes a teacher
and can modify the technique based on experience.
Deliberate practice is a higher level of understanding and learning where the
mechanical part of a skill has already being dominated as well as the functionality of the
procedure.
Deliberate practice is not just a mechanical achievement. It is also having an insight into
the procedures we are performing as well as understanding the steps.
Crowdsourcing refers to a model used by an organization in which unbiased observers
or "the crowd" perform a service. In procedural skills assessment, a video recording of
the performance is shared with the crowd, and then they are asked to evaluate the
performance using an assessment instrument.
Crowd-Sourced Assessment of Technical
The crowd is usually comprised of a big number of observers that are trained to
Skills (C-SATS)
examine the videos using the same instructions.
Increasing evidence is showing that the crowd assessment correlates with surgical
experts demonstrating that crowd-sourcing can be used as an objective evaluation
method.
Global rating scales (GRS) uses a rating scale to evaluate the quality of the skill
developed during the training. GRS can be developed to evaluate both objective and
What is a global rating scale? subjective criteria for evaluation. GRS can be used for evaluating non-technical skills
like coordination and communication skills, which are essential for enhancing the
outcomes in disaster medicine.
The ideal use of EPs (embedded Simulation Personnel) includes scripting and training
all roles and teaching them the timing of the scenario as well as its learning objectives.
EPs should also be included in rehearsal simulation scenarios and offered feedback on
EP vs SP
their role.
Vs Standardized Patient
This is a prime example of an opportunity cost (Physician volunteers 10 hrs each week
doing sim). The physician is presumably giving up some clinical time in order to teach.
This clinical time given up, unless compensated in otherways represents lost income.
This is an opportunity cost to the physician that is not realized by the simulation center;
however, it should be considered.
Direct Cost vs Opportunity Cost vs Material
Cost vs Indirect Cost
A material cost would supply such as central line kits, mannequin, endotracheal tubes
and etc.
An indirect cost can be thought of as a cost that is realized but not directly spent on
simulation such as building maintenance, upkeep, utilities, etc.
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