Exam (elaborations)
Cardiology: Murmurs ABIM questions with 100% correct answers graded A+
- Course
- Institution
Cardiology: Murmurs ABIM questions with 100% correct answers graded A+
[Show more]
Content preview
Cardiology: Murmurs ABIMWhen is Transthoracic echocardiography Required? - correct answer ✔✔systolic murmurs grade 3/6 or
higher, late systolic murmurs, holosystolic murmurs, diastolic murmurs, continuous murmurs, murmurs
w. ejection clicks, murmurs that radiate to neck or back.
What are Systolic Heart Murmurs? - correct answer ✔✔Aortic Stenosis (crescendo-decrescendo),
Mitral/Tricuspid (holosystolic, high pitched), Ventral septal defect (holosystolic, harsh), Mitral valve
prolapse (late crescendo, mid-systolic click)
What is Aortic Stenosis? - correct answer ✔✔crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur, radiates
to carotids
What is Low Flow Aortic Stenosis? - correct answer ✔✔exertion dyspnea, carotid upstroke low volume;
dx-dobutamine ECHO
What is Mitral Regurgitation? - correct answer ✔✔blowing holosystolic murmur radiates to axilla; dx-
TTE→TEE for acute
What is Tricuspid Regurgitation? - correct answer ✔✔blowing holosystolic murmur at left 2nd/3rd ICS,
↑with inspiration; pulsatile liver/cor pulmonale, drug users, carcinoid syndrome
What is Ventricular Septal Defect? - correct answer ✔✔harsh holosystolic murmur at LLSB w. thrill; dx-
ECHO
What is Mitral Valve Prolapse? - correct answer ✔✔late systolic crescendo murmur w. midsystolic click
What are Diastolic Heart Murmurs? - correct answer ✔✔Aortic regurgitation (high pitched blowing, wide
pulse pressure), Pulmonary regurgitation (TOF repair), Mitral stenosis (opening snap)
, What is Aortic regurgitation? - correct answer ✔✔high pitched blowing early diastolic decrescendo; dx-
TTE;
What is Aortic regurgitation? - correct answer ✔✔
What is Pulmonary regurgitation? - correct answer ✔✔diastolic murmur increases in intensity w/
inspiration @ LLSB, single S2, TOF repair,
What is Mitral Stenosis? - correct answer ✔✔diastolic rumble, opening snap, dyspnea (pulm
congestion); worse w. exertion; dx- stress ECHO for discrepancy btw clinical & ECHO; (tx-anticoag, IRN
2.0-3.0 if Afib/left atrial thrombus/systemic embolization; pregnancy-IV B-blocker)
What are Continuous Murmurs? - correct answer ✔✔Patent ductus arteriosus
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus? - correct answer ✔✔continuous machinery murmur, IE, pulm HTN; dx-
TTE; (tx-closure, symptomatic/L heart enlargement/L→R shunting
What are Click Murmurs? - correct answer ✔✔mitral valve prolapse (late systolic crescendo, midsystolic
click), pulmonary valve stenosis (midsystolic ejection murmur, ASD), bicuspid aortic valve (ejection click,
followed by midsystolic murmur)
What is Pulmonary valve stenosis? - correct answer ✔✔RVH, ejection click, (tx-balloon valvuloplasty,
peak Doppler gradient > 50 mm Hg, or mean PV gradient >30 mm Hg)
What is Bicuspid Aortic Valve? - correct answer ✔✔systolic ejection click
What is Atrial Septal Defect? - correct answer ✔✔wide- fixed split of second heart sound, right axis
deviation, incomplete RBBB, right ventricular heave, pulmonic valve (midsystolic ejection), tricuspid valve
(mid diastolic); dx-TTE; (tx-closure if dyspnea, right sided chamber enlargement, pacemaker placement;
monitor w/ECHO, asymptomatic, small ASD no right heart enlargemetn)
What is Atrial Septal Defect: Ostium Primum? - correct answer ✔✔fixed splitting of S2, MR, left-axis
deviation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Sakayobako30. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now