NURS 2002 Midterm Exam Questions And
Correct Answers
when is a straight catheter used? - Answr when it is to be inserted and removed
immediately
when is an indwelling catheter used? - Answr when the catheter is to be left in place
what are the types of incontinence? - Answr stress, urge, functional, overflow, and
reflex
stress incontinence - Answr inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress
such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing
urge incontinence-Answer involuntary leakage of urine with a sudden, strong desire to
urinate
functional incontinence-Answer urine loss caused by the inability to reach the toilet
because of environmental barriers, physical limitations, loss of memory, or
disorientation
overflow incontinence-Answer involuntary loss of urine associated with overdistention
and overflow of the bladder
reflex incontinence-Answer emptying of the bladder without the sensation of the need to
void
what nursing interventions help promote normal urination? - Answer -maintaining
normal voiding habits: schedule, urge to void, privacy, position, hygiene
,-promoting fluid intake
-strengthening muscle tone
-assisting with toileting
what are some patient goals regarding urinary elimination? - Answer -producing
sufficient quantity of urine to to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
-empty bladder completely at regular intervals without discomfort
-provide care for urinary diversion and know when to notify physician
-develop strategy to change contributing factors to current or future urinary problems
-eliminate unhealthy urinary practices
what is the impact of advanced age on GI and GU health? -Answer -Risk for nutritional
impairments: poor nutrition, living alone, social isolation, not cooking for oneself, etc
-decreased appetite that contributes to constipation
-many medications have GI side effects
-prostate conditions in aging men that can cause obstructive problems
how does race/ethnicity influence GI and GU health? -Answer - certain groups are at
risk for diseases that affect GI/GU health
-ex: African Americans and sickle cell disease, alcoholism among Native Americans,
lactose intolerance has familial tendency
what might be some urine abnormalities that would require immediate attention?
-Answer -hematuria
-cloudy/foamy urine
-offensive odor
-oliguria (decreased GFR)
what is normal urine? -Answer -straw colored
, -clear, transparent
-no sediment
-no odor
what patients are at high risk for UTIs? - Answer -sexually active
what nursing interventions help prevent UTIs? - Answer -avoiding bath tubs
-perineal hygiene
-increased fluid intake
-encouraging patient to void frequently
-administering antibiotics as prescribed
-educating patient on proper wiping
-hand hygiene
-proper catheter insertion/care
what are possible methods for collecting urine? - Answer -bed pan
-commode
-toilet hat
-urinal
what are possible methods for collecting stool? - Answer -hat
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