Biology 2420 Final Exam Review Questions and Solutions
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Course
BIO 2420
Institution
BIO 2420
Disease-causing microorganisms are called pathogens
The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called decomposers
The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called prokaryotes
When humans manipulate genes of microorganisms the proc...
Biology 2420 Final Exam
Review Questions and Solutions
Disease-causing microorganisms are called ✅pathogens
The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes
are called ✅decomposers
The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called ✅prokaryotes
When humans manipulate genes of microorganisms the process is called ✅genetic
engineering
Genetic Engineering is manipulating the genes of organisms to make new products
Which of the following are not considered microorganisms? ✅Mosquitos
All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that ✅are too small to be seen with
the unaided eye
Which activity is an example of biotechnology? ✅Humans use yeast to make beer and
wine.
Biotechnology- Production of foods, drugs, and vaccines using living organisms
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from
other major groups of microorganisms? ✅Viruses lack cell structure
The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record
microorganisms was ✅Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that ✅dust in air was
source of living microorganisms
Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method? ✅Belief in a
preconceived idea
Spontaneous generation is the belief that ✅living things arise from nonliving matter
Koch's Postulates are criteria used to establish that ✅a specific microbe is the cause
of a specific disease (anthrax)
,Which of the following is the taxon that contains all the other taxa listed? ✅Kingdom
(most general)
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Which of the following is a scientific name? ✅Bacillus subtilis
-(usually italicized or underlined)
- Genus capitalized and species lowercased
Taxonomy does not involve ✅Koch's postulates
The smallest and most significant taxon is ✅Species
The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called ✅phylogeny
The natural relatedness between groups of organisms
A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is
working on ✅determining evolutionary relatedness
A scientist discovers a new microbial species. It is a single-celled eukaryote without cell
walls. In what kingdom will it likely be classified? ✅Protista
A scientist collects grass clippings to find the source of an outbreak of tularemia is an
example of working in the field of ✅epidemiology
The study of the frequency and distribution of disease and health-related factors in
human populations along with possible control of diseases
Helminths are ✅parasitic worms
All of the following pertain to photosynthesis, except ✅it occurs only in members of the
kingdom Plantae
Organisms called parasites are ✅always harmful to the host
The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery
was ✅Joseph Lister
,Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis?
✅Robert Koch
Which of the following lists the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right)?
✅Family, genus, species
When assigning a scientific name to an organism, ✅both genus and species names
are italicized or underlined
In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom ✅Protista
The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is(are)
✅Carl Woese and George Fox
Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes? ✅Monera
-Protista- simple eukaryotic microorganisms
-Mycetae- fungi that are eukaryotes
-Plantae- eukaryotes plants
-Animalia- eukaryotes animals
Which of the following are the main decomposers of the Earth? ✅Bacteria and fungi
The most common infectious cause of death worldwide is ✅HIV/AIDS
All of the following are correct about prokaryotes, except ✅They have organelles
Characteristics of Prokaryotes:
-lack a nucleus
-smaller than eukaryotes
-found nearly everywhere
-less complex than eukaryotes (more simple)
- do not have organelles
Which of the following diseases is transmitted by mosquitos? ✅Malaria
All of the following contribute to the rise of emerging diseases, except ✅the decrease
in drug-resistant bacteria
Which scientist discovered hear-resistant bacterial spores? ✅Ferdinand Cohn
Which of the following is the correct way to write the scientific name of this bacterium?
✅Staphylococcus aureus
, Where are you most likely to find bacteria belonging to the domain Archaea? ✅in a hot
spring
-live in extreme environments
When microbes are introduced into the environment to restore stability, the process is
called ✅Bioremediation
-used to clean up oil spills like pollutants in ocean
In which of the following conditions is(are) microbial infection often implicated as a
cause? ✅All of these choices are correct
-Gastric ulcers
-Female infertility
-Coronary artery disease
-Cervical cancer
Cyanide is a chemical used to dissolve gold and is harmful to the environment and
organisms living there. A couple of biochemists came up with the idea of using the
bacteria in the genus Pseudomonas to break down the cyanide used by a gold mining
company. Which term refers to this use of bacteria? ✅Bioremediation
Which of the following branches of Microbiology is utilized in diagnosing or treating
someone who has broken in hives and is experiencing respiratory distress due to an
exposure to a microbial toxin? ✅Immunology
Bacteria and fungi are important in bioremediation. These decomposers are also called
____ ✅Saprobes
-An organism that lives off of dead or decaying organic material.(fungi-like)
Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those
shared by members of the same kingdom. ✅True
-Species is most specific., Kingdom is most general and least specific
Viruses are not classified in any of Whittaker's Five Kingdoms? ✅True
-Whittaker proposed an elaborate five kingdom classification:
-Monera
-Protista
-Fungi
-Plantae and
-Animalia.
The main criteria of the five kingdom classification were cell structure, body
organisation, mode of nutrition and reproduction, and phylogenetic relationships.
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