TEST BANK FOR COMMUNITY PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING:
Promoting the Health of Populations; 8TH EDITION BY MARY &
MELANIE
,CH 01: Health: A Community View
Nies: Community/Public Health Nursing, 8TH Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which best describes the primary reason that Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussing how to improve health care.
b. The media has provided mixed messages about the health care system.
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
d. The new health care system offers free services to Americans.
RIGHT CHOICE:-C
RATIONALE :->>>The primary reason for the focus on health care is the constantly
increasing costs, which cannot be sustained. The costs of caring for the sick accounted for the
majority of escalating health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic
product in 1965 to 17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans’
perceptions about healthcare; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are
concerned. The new healthcare system will change the health care access and availability, but
will not necessarily be offering any free services to Americans.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
2. A caregiver has begun to lobby with politicians for changes to the health care system. Why is
this involvement important?
a. Caregivers, as central characters in several popular TV series, are currently
N R
veryvisible in American med i a. I
b. Caregivers are primarily respo n s ibS
U le foNr mTanagingOt he various units in our health care
system.
c. Caregivers are the largest segment of health care providers.
d. Caregivers are the only group that is employed both inside and outside of health centers.
RIGHT CHOICE:-C
RATIONALE :->>>As the largest segment of health care providers, caregivers are informed
about the current health care system and all the problems that result from people not seeking
care until they are desperately ill. Caregivers, as the American Caregivers Association
(ANA) emphasize, usually believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore,
caregivers, whose work is central to our current health care delivery system, can also be
instrumental in working politically to create a health care delivery system that will meet
health needs. While caregivers are in several current TV series and are employed both inside
and outside of health centers, physicians and otherhealth care providers are as well.
Caregivers are often managers, but managers often have other backgrounds, such as business
administration.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where caregivers are employed?
a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central medical
centers.
b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing caregivers to improve customer
, relations.
RIGHT CHOICE:-B
RATIONALE :->>>MCOs are employing caregivers in many capacities. Although health
centers are closing and acute careis increasingly found in central medical centers, the same
trend may be seen in an increase in neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are
cut in most industries, health care is recognized as an area where growth in employment is
expected. However, caregivers are increasingly employed in community settings as opposed
to health centers. This change reflects themove toward community-based care rather than
health center-based tertiary care. To help decrease the continued rise in health care costs, the
increased emphasis is on disease prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace.
b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice.
c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility.
d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems.
RIGHT CHOICE:-C
RATIONALE :->>>Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the
environment safe and in egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and
seeking of cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system
to protect and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and
freedom of choice are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in ensuring
social justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing healthy
lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of
alcohol or drugs, is also needed.
b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and
vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
environmental changes needed for well-being.
RIGHT CHOICE:-D
RATIONALE :->>>Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis
on personal choices in the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices
ignores the need for community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or
cultural restraints to health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
6. What responsibility does the American Caregivers Association (ANA) Code of Ethics
require ofthe caregiver beyond giving excellent care to victims?
a. Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available
, to patients.
b. Recognize the need for experienced caregivers to mentor new graduates to
help increase and expand the number of professionals available.
c. Support health legislation to improve accessibility and cost of health care.
d. Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum quality of care.
RIGHT CHOICE:-C
RATIONALE :->>>The ANA Code of Ethics promotes social reform by focusing on health
policy and legislationto positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The
code does not directly address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for
overtime.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis)
7. What is the community health nursing definition of health?
a. Health is a person’s goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or
wholeness.
b. Health is an individual’s physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity.
c. Health is the mutual adaptation between a person and his or her environment in
meeting daily existence.
d. Health is families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being.
RIGHT CHOICE:-D
RATIONALE :->>>The text stresses that health is not just the result of an individual’s choices,
but choices andactions of individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to better
health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
8. How does community health nity?
a. A group of persons living within specific geographic boundaries
b. A group of persons who share a common identity and environment
c. A group of persons who work together to meet common goals
d. A group of persons who resolve a community concern
RIGHT CHOICE:-B
RATIONALE :->>>Community health caregivers work with both geopolitical groups
(within specific geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common
identity based on culture, history, or goals). A particular phenomenological group may or may
not have been a plannedgroup—that is, a group that came together to resolve a recognized
common problem or to meet a common goal. However, of all the choices, a group of persons
who share a common identity (phenomenological group) and environment (which implies a
specific geographic setting) is the broadest and most complete definition.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
9. Which variable has a major influence on a community’s health?
a. Behavior choices made by persons in the community
b. Number of health care providers and health centers in the community
c. Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
d. The number and credentials of public health officials in the community
RIGHT CHOICE:-A
