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Epidemiology & Biostatistics Exam I/214 Questions and answers
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Epidemiology & Biostatistics Exam I/214 Questions and answers
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Epidemiology & Biostatistics ExamI/214 Questions and answers
Health - - The Absence of Illness with six dimensions
- What are the Six dimensions of Helath? - - 1. Social
2. Environmental
3. Physical
4. Intellectual
5. Emotional
6. Spiritual
- Biostatistics - - The application of statistical principles to medical, public
health, and biological applications
Involves collecting, summarizing, interpreting information and making
inferences that appropriately account for uncertainty
Summarizing a sample of population then making inferences about entire
population
- What are some issues/limitations of Biostatistics? - - you must clearly
define the objective or research question
must choose the appropriate study design
must choose a sufficiently large representative sample
must carefully collect and analyze data
must quantify uncertainty
must appropriately account for relationships among characteristics
must limit inferences to appropriate population
- Physical Health - - The ability of the human body to function properly;
includes physical fitness and activities of daily living
- Social Health - - The ability to have satisfying relationships; interaction
with social institutions
- Mental Health - - Ability to think clearly, reason objectively and act
properly
, - Emotional Health - - Ability to cope, adjust and adapt; self- efficacy and
self esteem
- Spiritual Health - - Feeling as if part of a greater spectrum of existence;
personal beliefs and choices
- Environmental Health - - Comprised of external factors (i.e. one's
surrounding such as habitat or occupation)
- What is the mission of public health? - - To ensure conditions that promote
the six dimensions of health in the population as a whole
- Population Definition - - refers to a collection of individuals that share one
or more observable personal or observational characteristics from which
data may be collected and evaluated (i.e. social, economic, family, work, and
labor force, geographic factors)
- What are the three core functions of Public Health - - 1. Assessment
2. Policy Development
3. Assurance
- What are the two parts of ASSESSMENT (part of 10 essential services) - -
1. Monitor Health
2. Diagnose & Investigate
- What is the purpose of monitoring? (part of 10 essential services) - -
Monitor health status to identify and solve community health problems
- What are the four parts of Assurance (part of 10 essential services) - - 1.
Assure Competent workforce
2. Evaluate
3. Link to/ provide care
4. Enforce Laws
- What are the three parts of Policy Development? (part of 10 essential
services) - - 1. Inform, educate, empower
2. Mobilize community partnerships
3. Develop policies
- What are the two primary disciplines that provide the foundations of public
health? - - 1. Epidemiology
2. Biostatistics
, - Epidemiology - - The study of the distribution and determinants of health
related states or events in human populations, and the application of this
study to prevent and control health problems
- Does Epidemiology involve scientific investigation? - - Yes
- Distribution - - Study of frequency and pattern of health events in the
population
- Frequency - - Number, and number in relation to the population
- Pattern - - The health related state or event by person, place, and time
characteristics
- Determinants - - Search for causes and other factors of health related
states or events
- Disease - - Any impairment of normal physiological function affecting all or
part of an organism, especially a specific pathological change. Characterized
by an identifiable group of signs or symptoms
- What are the five causes of disease? - - 1. Pathogens
2. Chemicals
3. Inherent Weakness
4. Lifestyle
5. Physical Stresses
- What are some examples of Pathogens? - - viruses, bacteria, fungi, or
parasites capable of producing disease
- What are some examples of Chemicals? - - drugs, acids, heavy metals
- What are some examples of Inherent Weaknesses? - - suppressed immune
system, susceptibility gene
- What are some examples of Lifestyle? - - lack of physical activity,
smoking, obesity
- What are some examples of Physical Stresses? - - radiation, extreme
temperatures, workplace injuries
- What are the five classifications of disease? - - 1. Congenital and
Hereditary
2. Allergies and Inflammatory
3. Degenerative
4. Metabolic
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