Nursing Microbiology Chapter 9 (2460 UTA) OpenStax Book Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
Bio 2460
Institution
Bio 2460
Binary Fission Most common form of bacterial reproduction
Binary fission 4 Basic steps 1. Growth of cell size and increase in cell components 2. Replication of DNA 3. Division of Cytoplasm (cytokinesis) 4. Septum formation and division of daughter cells
Fstz 1. Cytokinesis is directed by this pro...
Nursing Microbiology Chapter 9 (2460
UTA) OpenStax Book Questions and
Correct Answers
Binary Fission ✅Most common form of bacterial reproduction
Binary fission 4 Basic steps ✅1. Growth of cell size and increase in cell components
2. Replication of DNA
3. Division of Cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
4. Septum formation and division of daughter cells
Fstz ✅1. Cytokinesis is directed by this protein
2. Assembles Z ring to form (Divisome)
What activates the production of a peptidoglycan and septum? ✅Divisome
Generation (Doubling Time) ✅Time takes to double population through one round of
binary fission (prokaryotes)
(varies greatly among species)
Examples of Generation time
1. E. Coli (time?)
2. S. Aureus (time?)
3. B. Subtilis (time?)
4. M. Tuberculosis (time?) ✅1. E. Coli ( 20 mins)
2. S. Aureus (30 mins)
3. B. Subtilis (120 mins)
4. M. Tuberculosis (15-20 Hrs)
Calculation population size if we know what two things? ✅1. Number of cells we start
with
2. Number of generations
Closed cultures have _________ resources ✅Finite
Culture density ✅The number of cells per unit volume
Predictable patter (4) ✅1. Lag Phase
2. Log Phase
3. Stationary Phase
4. Death Phase
, Lag Phase ✅Inoculum cells added to culture medium, No Change in population
Lag Phase Details? ✅1. Initial cells do not change
2. Cells grow larger ----> Metabolically active
3. Damaged or shocked cells undergo repair
Duration of Lag Phase factors? ✅1. Genetic make up
2. Media composition
3. Initial inoculum size
Log Phase ✅Binary fission occurs
Cell replication is greater than cell death
Log Phase Details ✅1. Generation time determined (intrinsic growth rate)
2. Time vs. Number of cells is exponential (be sure to review the types of scales used
(Arithmetic /Semilog) )
3. Constant growth and uniform metabolism (good for industrial applications)
4. Most susceptible to disinfectants / antibiotics that affect protein, DNA, and cell-wall
synthesis
Stationary Phase ✅Resources become depleted
Cell replication = cell death
Stationary Phase details ✅1. Waste accumulates (nutrients used up)
2. Culture density is constant
3. Cells enter survival mode (synthesis slows) (less susceptible to antibiotics)
4. Undergo sporulation for endospore-formers
5. Expression of virulence factors and secondary metabolites
Death Phase ✅Endospores can form
Cell replication is less than cell death
Death Phase details ✅1. Toxic waste accumulates / nutrients exhausted
2. Cells lyse and release nutrients for surviving cells / endospore-formers
3. Persisters
Persisters ✅Surviving cells with slow metabolism
EX: Chronic infections such as tuberculosis - antibiotic resistance
Growth Curve (sustaining growth) (4 things) ✅1. Open system cultures have infinite
resources
2. Nutrients and air replenished
3. Dead cells and waste are removed
4. Beneficial for industrial microbiology
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