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Atls post test 4 latest version questions and answers 2024
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Atls post test 4 latest version questions and answers 2024
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ATLS Post Test 2024 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS> 40% blood loss. heart rate increase, RR increase, BP decrease, pulse pressure decrease,
urine output and GCS decrease - ANSWERMTP and base deficit is -10 or less
15-30% blood loss. increase in heart rate. decrease in pulse pressure. BP, RR, urine
output do not change - ANSWERclass II hemorrhagic shock. possible need for blood
products, but mostly crystalloid fluid and base deficit of -2 to -6. anxiety, fear
31-40% blood loss. heart rate increase, respiratory rate increase, blood pressure decrease,
pulse pressure decrease, urine output and GCS decrease - ANSWERclass III and this is the
least amount of blood loss that consistently causes a drop in systolic blood pressure. blood
products needed and base deficit is -6 to -10
A carboxyhemoglobin level greater than what percentage indicates a patient was involved
in a fire and has inhalation injury? - ANSWER10%
A chest xray must be obtained after attempts at inserting a subclavian or IJ to document
position of line and evaluate for pneumo or hemothorax. - ANSWERdo not use sodium
bicarb to treat metabolic acidosis from hypovolemic shock
A clenched hand with a small electrical entrance wound should alert the clinician that a
deep soft tissue injury is likely much more extensive than is visable to the naked eye -
ANSWERtrue. patients with severe electrical injuries require fasciotomies. Electricity can
cause forced contraction of muscles, doctors need to examine patient for skeletal and
muscular damage, especially for fractures of the spine and rhabdomyolysis
A tube placed in the trachea with the cuff inflated below the vocal cords and the tube
connected to oxygen enriched assisted ventilation and airway secured in place. -
ANSWERdefinitive airway
Abuse and burns - ANSWERcircular burns and burns with clear edges and unique patterns
may reflect cigarette burns or iron. Burns on the sole of the feet usually suggest child was
placed in hot water. A burn on the posterior aspect of the LE and buttocks
Acute respiratory distress, subcutaneous emphysema, absent unilateral breath sounds,
hyperresonance to percussion, and tracheal shift supports the diagnosis of???? -
ANSWERtension pneumothorax. needle or finger decompression temporarily relieves this
life threatening condition and follow this with a chest tube
Admission to hospital for pregnant patients: - ANSWERvaginal bleeding, uterine
irritability, abdominal tenderness, pain or cramping, evidence of hypovolemia, changes in
,or absence of fetal heart tones and or leakage of amniotic fluid
,After the 10th week of pregnancy, cardiac output can increase 1.0-1.5 L/min because of the
increase in plasma volume and decrease in vascular resistance of the uterus and placenta. -
ANSWERThe placenta receives 20% of the patient's cardiac output during the 3rd
trimester. In supine position, vena cava compression can decrease cardiac output by 30%
because of decreased venous return from lower extremities.
Age related changes in the cardiovascular system place the elderly trauma patient at
significant risk for being inaccurately categorized as hemodynamically stable. -
ANSWERElderly patients have a fixed heart rate and fixed cardiac output, thus, their
response to hypovolemia will involve increasing their systemic vascular resistance.
Furthermore, since older patients have HTN, an acceptable BP may truly reflect a
hypotensive state. A systolic BP of 110 is to be utilized as the threshold for identifying
hypotension in patients 65 and older.
Airway-patients may have dentures that may loosen or obstruct the airway. If dentures are
not obstructing the airway, leave them in place for what? - ANSWERbag mask ventilation,
as it improves mask fitting.
Always assume CO exposure in patients who were burned in enclosed areas. Patients with
CO levels less than 20% may not show any symptoms - ANSWERHA and nausea (20-30%),
confusion (30-40%), coma (40-60%) and death (>60%). Cherry red skin color in patients
may only be seen in moribund patients.
Measurements of arterial PaO2 do not reliably predict CO poisoning b/c a partial pressure
of only 1 mm Hg results in an HbCO level of 40% or greater. Pulse ox cannot be relied on to
rule out carbon monoxide poisoning b/c we cant distinguish oxyhemoglobin from
carboxyhemoglobin. A discrepancy between pulse ox and arterial blood gas may be
explained by presence of carboxyhemoglobin.
American Burn Association states 2 requirements for diagnosis of smoke inhalation injury:
- ANSWER1. exposure to combustible agent
2. signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, below the vocal cords, seen on
bronchoscopy.
A chest Xray and arterial blood gases should be ordered to evaluate the pulmonary
status of a patient with smoke inhalation injury, but normal values on admission DO
NOT exclude an inhalation injury.
Amniotic fluid can cause amniotic fluid embolism and disseminated intravascular
coagulation following trauma if fluid enters maternal intravascular space. True or False -
ANSWERTrue
An abrupt decrease in maternal intravascular volume can result in a profound increase in
, uterine vascular resistance reducing fetal oxygenation despite reasonably normal
maternal vital signs. - ANSWERthis is true
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