Motivation - correct answer ✔✔forces that energize, direct, and sustain a person's efforts
SMART goal components
(goal setting theory) - correct answer ✔✔Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time-bound
Why do smart goals motivate - correct answer ✔✔make you think outside the box, energize, provide
challenge, give direction
Stretch goals - correct answer ✔✔targets that are particularly demanding, sometimes even thought to
be impossible
2 types of stretch goals - correct answer ✔✔-*vertical:* aligned w current activities, including
productivity & financial results
-*horizontal:* involve ppl's professional development, such as attempting & learning new, difficult things
Reinforcement theory - correct answer ✔✔-positive reinforcement
-negative reinforcement
-punishment
-extinction
Positive reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔positive behavior followed by positive consequences
-ex: manager praises employee
, Negative reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔positive behavior followed by removal of negative
consequences
-ex: manager stops nagging employee
Punishment - correct answer ✔✔negative behavior followed by negative consequences
-ex: manager demotes employee
Extinction - correct answer ✔✔negative behavior followed by removal of positive consequences
-ex: manager ignores behavior
Expectancy theory - correct answer ✔✔Effort ==> Performance ==> Rewards
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - correct answer ✔✔1. Physiological
2. Safety
3. Social
4. Esteem
5. Self-actualization
*ordered where lower order must be fulfilled for the next higher order need to become a motivator
ERG theory - correct answer ✔✔existence ==> relatedness ==> growth ==> (back to existence)
*no particular order, but based on situational demands
Existence - correct answer ✔✔need corresponding to Maslow's physiological and safety needs
Relatedness - correct answer ✔✔need corresponds to social needs
Growth - correct answer ✔✔need refers to Maslow's esteem and self-actualization
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