APHY 102 Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers
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Course
APHY 102
Institution
APHY 102
APHY 102 Midterm Exam Questions With
100% Verified Answers
What is a hormone and how does it act? - answerHormones are chemical messengers that are
responsible for regulation. They are secreted into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific
actions on target tissues, which are any tissue that ...
4. hormone combines with a receptor molecule in the cytoplasm or nucleus
5. steroid hormone-receptor complex binds to DNA & promotes transcription of messenger RNA
6. messenger RNA enters the cytoplasm & directs protein synthesis
7. newly synthesized proteins produce the steroid hormone's specific effects
Describe non-steroid hormones. - answer✔Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins; cannot
penetrate lipid bilayer; bind to receptors on target cell membrane; 1st messenger, cAMP is 2nd
messenger
Sequence of non-steroid hormone using cyclic AMP - answer✔1. Endocrine gland secretes non-
steroid hormone.
2. Blood carries hormone throughout body.
3. Hormone combines with receptor site on membrane of target cell, activating G protein.
4. Adenylate cyclase molecules are activated in target cell membrane.
5. Adenylate cyclase converts ATP into cyclic AMP.
6. Cyclic AMP activates protein kinases.
7. Protein kinases activate protein substrates in cell that change metabolism.
8. Cellular changes produce the hormone's effects.
How is the anterior pituitary gland different than the posterior pituitary gland? - answer✔The
anterior pituitary receives signaling molecules from the hypothalamus, and in response,
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