Endocrine Nclex Questions And Correct Solutions New Update (Verified Pass)
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Course
Nclex
Institution
Nclex
Endocrine Nclex Questions And Correct Solutions New Update (Verified Pass)
A nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that the client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate?
1. Check for signs of bleeding.
2. Administe...
Endocrine Nclex Questions And Correct
Solutions New Update (Verified Pass)
A nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that the
client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice. Which nursing action is
appropriate?
1. Check for signs of bleeding.
2. Administer calcium gluconate.
3. Notify the registered nurse immediately.
4. Reassure the client that this is usually a temporary - Answers -Ans. 4
Weakness and hoarseness of the voice can occur as a result of trauma of the laryngeal
nerve. If this develops, the client should be reassured that the problem will subside in a
few days. Unnecessary talking should be discouraged. It is not necessary to notify the
registered nurse immediately. These signs do not indicate bleeding or the need to
administer calcium gluconate.
A nurse is assisting with preparing a teaching plan for the client with diabetes mellitus
regarding proper foot care. Which instruction should be included in the plan of care?
1. Soak the feet in hot water.
2. Avoid using soap to wash the feet.
3. Apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not between the toes.
4. Always have a podiatrist cut your toenails; never cut them yourself. - Answers -Ans 3
The client should use a moisturizing lotion on his or her feet, but should avoid applying
the lotion between the toes. The client should also be instructed to not soak the feet and
to avoid hot water to prevent burns. The client may cut the toenails straight across and
even with the toe itself, but he or she should consult a podiatrist if the toenails are thick
or hard to cut or if his or her vision is poor. The client should be instructed to wash the
feet daily with a mild soap.
A nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding the
prescribed diabetic diet. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates the need for
further teaching?
1. "I'll eat a balanced meal plan."
2. "I need to drink diet soft drinks."
3. "I need to buy special dietetic foods."
4. "I will snack on fruit instead of cake." - Answers -Ans. 3
rationale It is important to emphasize to the client and family that they are not eating a
diabetic diet but rather following a balanced meal plan. Adherence to nutrition principles
is an important component of diabetic management, and an individualized meal plan
should be developed for the client. It is not necessary for the client to purchase special
dietetic foods.
,A nurse reinforces teaching with a client with diabetes mellitus regarding differentiating
between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of
the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which symptom develops?
1. Polyuria
2. Shakiness
3. Blurred vision
4. Fruity breath odor - Answers -Ans. 2
rationale Shakiness is a sign of hypoglycemia, and it would indicate the need for food or
glucose. Fruity breath odor, blurred vision, and polyuria are signs of hyperglycemia.
When the nurse is teaching a client who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
mellitus, which statement by the client would indicate that teaching has been effective?
1. "I will stop taking my insulin if I'm too sick to eat."
2. "I will decrease my insulin dose during times of illness."
3. "I will adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in my urine."
4. "I will notify my health care provider if my blood glucose level is greater than 250
mg/dL." - Answers -Ans. 4
rationale During illness, the client should monitor the blood glucose level, and he or she
should notify the health care provider (HCP) if the level is greater than 250 mg/dL.
Insulin should never be stopped. In fact, insulin may need to be increased during times
of illness. Doses should not be adjusted without the HCP's advice.
A nurse is monitoring a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for
signs of complications. Which of the following, if exhibited by the client, would indicate
hyperglycemia and thus warrant health care provider notification?
1. Polyuria
2. Bradycardia
3. Diaphoresis
4. Hypertension - Answers -Ans. 1
rationale The classic symptoms of hyperglycemia include polydipsia, polyuria, and
polyphagia. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not signs of hyperglycemia.
A nurse is reinforcing instructions with a client with diabetes mellitus who is recovering
from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) regarding measures to prevent a recurrence. Which
instruction is important for the nurse to emphasize?
1. Eat six small meals daily.
2. Test the urine ketone levels.
3. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently.
4. Receive appropriate follow-up health care. - Answers -Ans.3
rationale Client education after DKA should emphasize the need for home glucose
monitoring four to five times per day. It is also important to instruct the client to notify the
health care provider when illness occurs. The presence of urinary ketones indicates that
DKA has already occurred. The client should eat well-balanced meals with snacks, as
prescribed.
,A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has Cushing's syndrome.
Which statement by the client indicates that the instructions related to dietary
management were understood?
1. "I can eat foods that contain potassium."
2. "I will need to limit the amount of protein in my diet."
3. "I am fortunate that I can eat all the salty foods I enjoy."
4. "I am fortunate that I do not need to follow any special diet." - Answers -Ans.1
rationale A diet that is low in calories, carbohydrates, and sodium but ample in protein
and potassium content is encouraged for a client with Cushing's syndrome. Such a diet
promotes weight loss, the reduction of edema and hypertension, the control of
hypokalemia, and the rebuilding of wasted tissue.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of
hypoglycemia. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of NPH
insulin and exercise?
1. "I should not exercise after lunch."
2. "I should not exercise after breakfast."
3. "I should not exercise in the late evening."
4. "I should not exercise in the late afternoon." - Answers -Ans.4
rationale A hypoglycemic reaction may occur in response to increased exercise. Clients
should avoid exercise during the peak time of insulin. NPH insulin peaks at 12 to 14
hours; therefore, late afternoon exercise would occur during the peak of the medication.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative parathyroidectomy client. Which of the following
would require the nurse's immediate attention?
1. Incisional pain
2. Laryngeal stridor
3. Difficulty voiding
4. Abdominal cramps - Answers -Ans. 2
rationale During the postoperative period, the nurse carefully observes the client for
signs of hemorrhage, which cause swelling and the compression of adjacent tissue.
Laryngeal stridor is a harsh, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration and expiration that
is caused by the compression of the trachea and that leads to respiratory distress. It is
an acute emergency situation that requires immediate attention to avoid the complete
obstruction of the airway.
When a nurse notes that a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has lipodystrophy on both
upper thighs, what information should the nurse obtain from the client?
1. Plan of injection rotation
2. Consistency of aspiration
3. Preparation of the injection site
4. Angle at which the medication is administered - Answers -Ans. 1
rationale Lipodystrophy (i.e., the hypertrophy of subcutaneous tissue at the injection
site) occurs in some diabetic clients when the same injection sites are used for
prolonged periods of time. Thus, clients are instructed to adhere to a rotating injection
, site plan to avoid tissue changes. Preparation of the site, aspiration, and the angle of
insulin administration do not produce tissue damage.
A nurse is monitoring a client receiving glipizide (Glucotrol). Which outcome indicates
an ineffective response from the medication?
1. A decrease in polyuria
2. A decrease in polyphagia
3. A fasting plasma glucose of 100 mg/dL
4. A glycosylated hemoglobin level of 12% - Answers -Ans. 4
rationale Glipizide (Glucotrol) is an oral hypoglycemic agent administered to decrease
the serum glucose level and the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia. Therefore, a
decrease in both polyuria and polyphagia would indicate a therapeutic response.
Laboratory values are also used to monitor a client's response to treatment. A fasting
blood glucose level of 100 mg/dL is within normal limits. However, glycosylated
hemoglobin of 12% indicates poor glycemic control.
A nurse assists in developing a plan of care for a client with hyperparathyroidism
receiving calcitonin-human (Cibacalcin). Which outcome has the highest priority
regarding this medication?
1. Relief of pain
2. Absence of side effects
3. Reaching normal serum calcium levels
4. Verbalization of appropriate medication knowledge - Answers -Ans.3
rationale Hypercalcemia can occur in clients with hyperparathyroidism, and calcitonin is
used to lower plasma calcium level. The highest priority outcome in this client situation
would be a reduction in serum calcium level. Option 1 is unrelated to this medication.
Although options 2 and 4 are expected outcomes, they are not the highest priority for
administering this medication.
A nursing instructor asks a student to describe the pathophysiology that occurs in
Cushing's disease. Which statement by the student indicates an accurate understanding
of this disorder?
1. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of insulin."
2. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid hormones."
3. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an undersecretion of corticotropic hormones."
4. "Cushing's disease is characterized by an undersecretion of glucocorticoid
hormones." - Answers -Ans.2
rationale Cushing's syndrome is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid
hormones. Addison's disease is characterized by the failure of the adrenal cortex to
produce and secrete adrenocortical hormones. Options 1 and 4 are inaccurate
regarding Cushing's syndrome.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is to begin an exercise program, and the nurse is
providing instructions to the client regarding the program. Which of the following should
the nurse include in the teaching plan?
1. Try to exercise before mealtime.
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