NUR 222 - Exam 3 with complete solutions
2024/2025
Infant - ANSWER-birth to 12 months
Erikson Stage: Infant - ANSWER-trust vs mistrust
Piaget Stage: Infant - ANSWER-sensorimotor
Toddler - ANSWER-1-3 years old
Erikson stage: Toddler - ANSWER-Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Piaget Stage: Toddler - ANSWER-Pre-operational
Pre-schooler - ANSWER-3 - 6 years old
Erikson stage: Pre-Schooler - ANSWER-Initiative vs Guilt
Piaget Stage: Pre-Schooler - ANSWER-Pre-operational
School ager - ANSWER-6 years to 12 years
Erikson Stage: School age - ANSWER-industry vs inferiority
,Piaget stage: School age - ANSWER-Pre operational to Concrete Operations
adolescent - ANSWER-12 to 18 years old
Erikson Stage: Adolescent - ANSWER-Identity versus role diffusion
Piaget Stage: Adolescent - ANSWER-Formal Operations
Principles of Communication with Children - ANSWER-verbalizations, quiet, clear,
avoid medical jargon, clear & positive, and be honest & truthful
Non-verbal communication - Pediatric - ANSWER-Writing, Drawing, Magic, and
PLAY!
Implications of Play - ANSWER-reduces trauma, prepares children for
procedures, and used as a stress reliever or pain reliever.
Helpful techniques in pediatric communication - ANSWER-ignore minor unwanted
behaviors, use pride skills, and use commands, criticisms, and questions
Cs and Qs (Commands, Criticism, Questions) - COMMANDS - ANSWER-Positive
terms, use one direction at a time, calm voice, suggest or give options
Cs and Qs (Commands, Criticism, Questions) - CRITICISM - ANSWER-increases
bad behavior, lowers self esteem, creates tension
AVOID using words like no, don't, stop, quit, and not
Using Questions - ANSWER-limit them, keep the simple, use close ended
questions sparingly
Less than 6yo - no open ended questions
, PRIDE Skills - ANSWER-help you focus on following the child's lead, and helps
the relationship itself become a healing, healthy experience
PRIDE - ANSWER-P - praise
R - reflect
I - imitate
D - describe
E - enthusiasm
P - Praise - ANSWER-Specific and positive attention and feed back
Increases good behavior, lets the child know the behavior is desired, increases
self-esteem
Praise Worthy Behaviors - ANSWER-sitting still, taking medications, trying hard,
taking turns, being patient etc.
R - Reflection - ANSWER-Paraphrasing or repeating what the child says
insures understanding, shows the child they are being listened to and heard
I - Imitation - ANSWER-Doing what the child does
Shows the child that activity is appropriate, shows youre involved etc.
E - Enthusiasm - ANSWER-Lets the child know that you are enjoying spending
time with them
Encourages involvement and engagement in appropriate activities
Principles of growth and development - ANSWER-continuous process, don't
progress at the same rate, and not all body parts grow at the same rate at the
same time