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Psc126 Exam With Complete Solution
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Psc126 Exam With Complete Solution 2024-2024what is health psychology [3] - Answer • Scientific study of psychological influences on
physical health
1) How we stay healthy (Health promotion and maintenance)
2) Why we become ill (Etiology and prevention of illness)
3) How we respond when we get ill (Treatment, improvement of health care system
and the formulation of health policy)
Changing causes of mortality between 1900 and 2010
(Increased mortality due to chronic, lifestyle-related illnesses) - Answer - 1900's: Acute,
infectious disorders: Tuberculosis, pneumonia, influenza (flu)
- 2000's: Chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs):
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer
What are NCDs, examples - Answer 1. cardiovascular diseases
2. diabetes
3. chronic respiratory diseases
4. cancer
A theory is - Answer Set of analytic statements that explain a set of
phenomena
advantages of theory - Answer • Provide guidelines for how to do research and
interventions
,• Generate specific predictions that can be tested
and modified
• Help tie together loose ends
- Example: Allostatic load theory of stress
What is an experiment? - Answer A study in which two or more different conditions are
created to which people are assigned randomly and their
reactions are measured
RCT: - Answer A type of experiment done to assess treatments or interventions and their
efficacies
e.g. Beck Depression Inventory Scores
Correlational research:
-defn
-example
-disadvantage - Answer The method to assess whether a shift in one variable is
accompanied by shifts in another variable
- Example: Studying biological correlates of happiness
- Example: Studying psychological correlates of relapse after quitting smoking
• Disadvantage - Causality direction difficult to establish
prospective research
Looks ahead in time to determine how. [2]
Carried out in order to.
**key type - Response - People differ
Association between two variables varies across time
• Carried out to identify the risk factors which are associated
, with
• Longitudinal study: The same individuals are observed on
more than one occasion
- Example: Longevity Project
retrospective research
-defn
-example - Response • Looks back in time in an effort to reconstruct the
circumstances which contributed to a current state
Example: Identifying the risk factors that result in the development of COPD -chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease
Morbidity [epidemiological parameter] - Number of cases of a disease that exist at some
given point in time
mortality [epidemiological parameter] - Numbers of deaths due to particular causes
Prevalence [epidemiological parameter] - Proportion of a population who have a
specific characteristic
Incidence [epidemiological parameter] - Answer New number of cases per population in
a given time period
Epidemiology - Answer The study of the frequency, distribution, and causes of infectious
and noninfectious disease in a population
morbidity vs. mortality - Answer Proportions of illnesses in a population vs. incidence of
deaths in a population
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