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PSC 126 Exam 1 Questions And Correct Answers
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PSC 126 Exam 1 Questions And CorrectAnswers 2024-2025
Health psychology
The area of psychology that studies psychological factors that cause, develop, and are
affected by physical health, disease, and responses to those states and the
psychological dynamics underlying health policy and health interventions.
What is changing causes of mortality since the 1900s?
Chronic diseases arising from heart disease and cancer and acute, infectious diseases
have arisen. Suicide rates have increased too.
Past
What are non-communicable diseases?
A group of conditions that are not mainly caused by an acute infection, have long-term
health effects and often create a long-term need for treatment and care. Example:
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and cancer.
What is a theory?
A group of related analytic statements that describe a set of phenomena, such as why
people engage in unhealthy behaviors.
What is an experiment?
A study in which an investigator randomly assigns people to two or more conditions,
manipulates the treatments that people in each condition receive, and then measures
the effects on some response. What are randomized clinical trials?
An experimental study that involves the use of a variable (including drugs or treatments)
on human beings who have been randomly sampled from a large population and
randomly assigned either to an experimental group or to a control group. The purpose is
to evaluate the clinical efficacy and the pharmacologic effects of the drug or procedure.
What is correlational research?
Measuring two variables and determining whether they are associated with each other.
Studies relating smoking to lung cancer are correlational, for example.
What is a prospective research design?
, A research strategy in which people are followed forward in time to examine the
relationship between one set of variables and later occurrences. For example,
prospective research can enable researchers to identify risk factors for diseases that
develop at a later time.
What is a retrospective research design?
A research strategy whereby people are studied for the relationship of past variables or
conditions to current ones. For example, interviewing people with a particular disease
and asking about their childhood health behaviors or exposure to risks can identify
conditions leading to an adult disease.
What is morbidity?
The number of cases of a disease that exist at a given point in time; it may be expressed
as the number of new cases (incidence) or as the total number of existing cases
(prevalence).
What is mortality?
The number of deaths due to particular causes.
What is prevalence?
The total number of existing cases.
What is incidence?
The number of new cases.
What is stress?
A negative emotional experience accompanied by predictable biochemical,
physiological, cognitive, and behavioral changes that are directed either toward
altering the stressful event or accommodating to its effects.
What is a stressor?
Events perceived to be stressful.
Primary appraisal of a stressor
The perception of a new or changing environment as beneficial, neutral, or negative in
its consequences; believed to be a first step in stress and coping.
Secondary appraisal of a stressor
The evaluation of one's coping abilities and resources and the judgment as to whether
they will be sufficient to meet the harm, threat or challenge of a new or changing event.
Fight or Flight Response
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