Genes vs. Lifestyle - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Heart Disease
-Family history made up only 17% of a person's risk
-Poor lifestyle choices, 83% of the risk
Cancer
-About 25% of colon cancers are in people with some family history of the disease
-75% of colon cancers are not from genetics
-80% to 90% of lung cancers are caused by smoking
Types of studies - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔prospective v. retrospective
Prospective study key components - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔All subjects are free of
disease at the start of the study
Establish a causal association between factor X and the disease Y
Demonstrate a temporal relationship (factor X preceded disease Y)
Prospective study time frame - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Investigators have a primary focus
Example: to learn more about cardiovascular disease or cancer
Data collected from the cohort is over time
Investigators identified a cohort (group) of possible subjects who would be feasible to follow
for a prolonged period
, Prospective study examples - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Framingham Heart Study
Nurses Health Study
Physicians' Health Study
Framingham heart study - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔In 1948, FHS scientists and
participants embarked on an ambitious project to identify risk factors for heart disease. Today,
the study remains a world-class epicenter for cutting-edge heart, brain, bone, and sleep
research
Calculate a Risk Score
Learn your risk of developing heart disease. Type simple information such as your age and
weight into our calculators.
High blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, physical inactivity
Risk assessment tool for estimating your 10 year risk of having a heart attack - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔Framingham heart study
Evidence Based Research - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔taking findings from studies and
implementing into practice
Colas and Osteoporosis from Framingham Osteoporosis Study - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔cola consumption lowers bone mineral density in older women
related to phosphoric acid
Prospective Study NHS 3 - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔These studies are largest and longest
investigations that influence women's health
started in 1976, expanded in 1989, still going
can join at any time
Findings from Nurses' Health Study (NHS) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Smoking increases
risk of colon cancer
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MGRADES. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
