Exam (elaborations)
CNIT 344 Exam
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Exam of 5 pages for the course CNIT 344 at CNIT 344 (CNIT 344 Exam)
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CNIT 344 ExamOSI Layers - ANSWER 1. Physical
2. Data Link
3. Network
4. Transport
5. Session
6. Presentation
7. Application
Layer 3 Provides_________________________ - ANSWER globally unique
addressing for every node in the network
What does layer 3 convert? - ANSWER Data to Packets
Routable Protocols of Layer 3 - ANSWER IP, IPX, AppleTalk
Layer 3 determines_____________________ - ANSWER routes between source
and destination networks (end-to-end with analysis at each hop)
Is Layer 3 reliable? - ANSWER NO
What does Layer 4 convert? - ANSWER Data to Messages or Segments
What is Layer 4 responsible for? - ANSWER Host-to-Host integrity of transmission, it
does this by detecting damaged or lost packets and generates re-transmit requests
and re-sequences packets
Layer 4: Stop and Wait - ANSWER forces sender to wait for acknowledgement and
error control is achieved by discarding corrupted packets and letting the sender
resend unacknowledged packets when the timer expires (calculations done in mod
2)
Layer 4: Go-Back-N - ANSWER defines the expected order of packets
What do VLANs do? - ANSWER Enable multiple LANs on a switch
Do Layer 2 switches forward traffic between VLANs? - ANSWER NO
Each VLAN is a separate _______ domain. - ANSWER Broadcast
Each VLAN is a separate_____________ - ANSWER IP Subnet, you need a router
to communicate among these
Types of VLANs - ANSWER Data, Default, Native, Management, Voice
How is VLAN membership assigned? - ANSWER By port, MAC address, Network
protocols, IP subnets (L3), higher layer protocols
, What is a Trunk? - ANSWER A physical AND logical connection, it doesn't belong to
any specific VLAN, and is a conduit between switches & routers and switches &
switches
What does Tagging do? - ANSWER Identifies each frame that is transferred over the
trunk
What happens to untagged frames? - ANSWER They are dropped
Tagged - ANSWER An Ethernet frame that is addressed to a specific VLAN
IPv4 Characteristics - ANSWER -unique and universal
-connection-less
-"best effort" delivery (unreliable)
-media independent
Why is IP unreliable? - ANSWER IP does not have the capability to manage and
recover from undelivered/corrupt packets (but since Layer 4 deals with this it can
function efficiently and unreliably at Layer 3)
What does media independent mean? - ANSWER Not concerned with physical
media (IP IS concerned with Max Transmission Unit though)
2 Level Hierarchy of IP Addresses - ANSWER Network & Host (hierarchy means that
routers only need to know the "network" part)
Address Types - ANSWER MAC: physical address of host that is burned into the
NIC (Layer2)
NET: logical, assigned by the network admin (Layer3)
What is a Default Gateway? - ANSWER The IP address of the router, defined to all
hosts on the network
Can a packet be forwarded without a route? - ANSWER NO
IP CLASSES - ANSWER Class A range: 1-126
subnet mask: 255.0.0.0.
Private: 10.x.x.x
Class B range: 128-191
subnet mask: 255.0.0.0.
Private: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
Class C range: 192-223
subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Private: 192.168.x.x
Loopback is 127.0.0.1
APIPA is 169.254.x.x (also known as link-local)
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