Exam (elaborations)
NSG 500 Exam 1
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Exam of 6 pages for the course NSG 500 at NSG 500 (NSG 500 Exam 1)
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NSG 500 Exam 1): Advanced Health Assessment |Tympany - ANSWER high-pitched, musical, drum-like percussion note heard when
percussing over the stomach and intestine
Hyperresonance - ANSWER lower-pitched, booming sound found when too much
air is present such as in emphysema or pneumothorax
resonance percussion - ANSWER loud, hollow low-pitched sound heard over
normal lungs
Dullness on percussion - ANSWER soft, moderate, thud-like sound heard over
structures such as the liver
flatness on percussion - ANSWER soft, high, and dull sound heard over muscles
pneumatic otoscopy - ANSWER otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane
as air is released into the external auditory meatus; immobility indicates the
presence of middle ear effusion (fluid buildup), as occurs as a result of otitis media
reflex hammer - ANSWER a medical instrument used by practitioners to test deep
tendon reflexes.
ophthalmoscope - ANSWER instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
Wood's lamp - ANSWER Filtered black light that is used to illuminate skin disorders,
fungi, bacterial disorders, and pigmentation.
Cerebrum - ANSWER responsible for a person's mental status
cerebral cortex - ANSWER responsible for higher mental functions, perception, and
behavior
frontal lobe - ANSWER decision making, problem solving, ability to concentrate,
short-term memory, affect, awareness, autonomic responses r/t emotional states
Broca's area (frontal lobe) - ANSWER speech production
parietal lobe - ANSWER receiving and processing sensory data
temporal lobe - ANSWER perception and recognition of auditory stimuli. integration
of behavior, emotions, long-term memory and personality
Wernicke's area (temporal lobe) - ANSWER controls language reception - a brain
area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left
temporal lobe
, limbic system - ANSWER mediates certain patterns of behavior that determine
survival. For example: mating, aggression, fear, and affection. Major function is
memory consolidation needed for long-term memory
reticular system - ANSWER Regulates vital reflexes such as heart and respiratory
functioning. Located in the brain stem, maintains wakefulness, disruption can lead to
altered mental status.
acromegaly - ANSWER Excessive growth and distorted proportions related to a
hyper secretion of growth hormone insulin-like growth factor after closure of the
epiphyses
Acromegaly findings - ANSWER Mandibular overgrowth, maxillary widening, teeth
separation, malocclusion, and overbite.
Skin thickening on the face, hands, and feet which leads to enlargement.
Joint enlargement, swelling, pain, vertebral enlargement, kyphoscoliosis.
Enlargement of cardiac ventricles with decreased exercise tolerance.
Turner Syndrome - ANSWER A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an
X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X
chromosome is deleted.
turner syndrome findings - ANSWER Poor height growth, lack of breast
development, amenorrhea, normal intelligence
Short stature, webbed neck, broad chest with widely spaced nipples.
Narrow palate with crowded teeth, coarctation of aorta and bicuspid aortic valve
Sensorineural hearing loss, infertility
Cushing's syndrome - ANSWER caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of
cortisol
Cushing's syndrome findings - ANSWER Weight gain, changes in appetite,
depression, irritability, decreased libido
Decreased concentration, impaired short-term memory
Easy bruising, metro abnormalities, Buffalo hump fat pad, moon face, hirsutism or
female balding, poor skin healing
BMI - ANSWER a measure of body weight relative to height
Undernutrition BMI - ANSWER <18.5
Normal BMI range - ANSWER 18.5-24.9
Overweight BMI - ANSWER 25-29.9
Obese BMI - ANSWER over 30
Physical Milestones of Development - ANSWER 1 month: lift their head
2 months: lift their torso
3 months: start moving their arms at things
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