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NREMT Airway Management and Ventilation exam study guide latest verified A+
NREMT Airway Management and Ventilation exam study guide latest verified A+NREMT Airway Management and Ventilation exam study guide latest verified A+
Airway management and ventilation are... - FIRST and MOST critical steps in assessment of every patient you encounter.
Lower airway anatomy - ...
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11. Exam (elaborations) - Nremt airway respiration and ventilation exam questions and answers correct and verif...
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NREMT Airway Management and Ventilat kid kid kid kid
ion exam study guide latest verified A+
kid kid kid kid kid kid
Airway management and ventilation are... -
kid kid kid kid kid
kid FIRST and MOST critical steps in assessment of every patient you encounter.
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
Lower airway anatomy - trachea (C-shaped rings)
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bronchi (main stems) kid kid
bronchioles (bronchiole rings)-have unique property: stimulated by drugs
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alveoli (perfusion takes place)-surfactant keeps them open
kid kid kid kid kid kid
lung parenchyma
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pleura (parietal and visceral)
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Upper airway anatomy - nose
kid kid kid kid
nasal cavity
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para-nasal sinus kid
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
larynx
Pediatric airway is different because... - smaller jaw
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
larger tongue kid
cricoid cartilage is narrowest part of airway
kid kid kid kid kid kid
epiglottis is rounder and floppier
kid kid kid kid
respiration is... - kid kid
kid the exchange of gases between organisms and it's environment
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
,ventilation is.... - kid kid
kid the mechanical process of moving air IN and OUT of the lungs
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
Pulmonary Circulation is... - the perfusion of O2 and CO2
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Diffusion... - kid
kid movement of gas from an area of HIGHER CONCENTRATION to area of low
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er concentration
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Diffusion transfers gases between??? - LUNGS and BLOOD
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and
BLOOD and PERIPHERAL TISSUES
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Normal arterial pressures - oxygen(PaO2)=100 torr
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Carbon dioxide(PaCO2)=35-45 avg.=40
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SPO2 and ETCO2 - SPO2=94-100
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ETCO2=40
Factors affecting O2 concentration in Blood... -
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kid decreased hemoglobin concentration kid kid
inadequate alveolar ventilation kid kid
decreased diffusion across pulmonary membrane, when diffusion distance inc
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reases, or pulmonary membrane changes
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Ventilation/perfusion mismatch occurs when portion of alveoli collapses kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
Factors affecting CO2 concentrations in Blood... -
kid kid kid kid kid kid
kid Lowers CO2 levels are due to increased respiratory rates or deeper respirati
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on or hyperventilation
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and
Higher CO2 levels are caused by: fever, muscle exertion, shivering, or metab
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olic processes resulting in the formation of metabolic acids
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, So, a pt. w/ a PaCO2 of 30 will be... -
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kid ALKALOTIC thus decreasing respiratory rate...
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Respiratory Rate - is INVOLUNTARY however can be VOLUNTARILY controlled.
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
chemical and physical mechanisms provide involuntary impulses to correct br
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eathing irregularities kid
chemoreceptors are located in... - carotid bodies kid kid kid kid kid kid
arch of the aorta
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and medulla
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baroreceptors in carotid artery - regulate BP kid kid kid kid kid kid
stimulated by decreased PaCO2, increased PaCO2, and decreased PH
kid kid kid kid kid kid kid kid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)pH - primary control of respiratory center
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main respiratory center - medulla
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(neurons in medulla initiate impulses that produce respiration)
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apneustic center - kid kid
kid assumes respiratory control if the medulla fails to initiate impluse
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pneumotaxic center - controls respiration kid kid kid kid
Stretch receptors (HERING BREUER REFLEX) -
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kid prevents over expansion of the lungs
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Normal respiratory rates: - adults: 12-20
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pedi: 18-24 kid
infant: 40-60 kid
airway obstruction caused by: - foreign bodies
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trauma
laryngeal spasm kid
edema