Exam (elaborations)
CBCC-KA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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Exam of 20 pages for the course CBCC-KA at CBCC-KA (CBCC-KA)
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CBCC-KADefine: Fixed Interval Schedule - answerProvide a reinforcer the first time the target
behaviour occurs after an interval of N length since the last reinforcement
Define: FI - answerFixed Interval Schedule
What is the difference between FR5 and VR5? - answerWith FR5, you reinforce every
fifth event, while with VR5 you reinforce an average of every 5th event
What happens on an FI-2 minute schedule? - answerThe behaviour is reinofrced only
when it occurs after 2 minutes have elapsed after the last reinforcement
Define: VI
Define: Variable Interval Schedule - answerVariable Interval Schedule
Provide a reinofrcer the first time the target behaviour occurs after an interval, with the
interval varying around an average of N lengthVariable-interval schedule with a limited
hold schedule requires only one resonsebut that response must occur at an
unpredictable period of time. A sports-relatedexample of this would be "hot-ball" in
soccer, which has a nearly 0-second hold Thisdrill involves six players to stand in a
circle and one touch the ball to another playerin the circle. The coach will randomly blow
the whistle to say the drill is over, whenthe whistle is blown, whichever player has the
ball in their possession must do oneman-maker. This is a response that makes the
players practice their one-touch passessince they do not want to be stuck with the ball
when the whistle is blown they willdish the ball off as soon as they can.
Define: FD
Define: Fixed Duration Schedule - answerFixed Duration Schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period of N length
Define: VD
Define: Variable Duration Schedule - answerVariable duration schedule
Provide a reinforcer after the target behaviour has been performed continuously for a
period, with the period varying around an average of N length
,What are the drawbacks to flooding? - answerThe therapy is necessarily anxiety
producing and the there is little room for error
Define: Flooding - answerExposure to stimuli until no response occurs
What are you doing when you construct a hierarchy? - answerYou are identifying
situations that arouse fear and arrange them in order from the least upsetting to the
most upsetting
Who first devised systematic desensitization? - answerJoseph Wolpe
Define: Desensitization Training - answerAny form of counter conditioning training that
reduces an inappropriate negative response to an event
Define: Conditioned Response - answerThe response to the conditioned stimulus
following learning
Define: Counterconditioning - answerThe use of Pavlovian conditioning to undo the
adverse effects of earlier conditioning
Define: Unconditioned Response - answerAny response that does not require learning
Define: Conditioned Stimulus - answerAny stimulus that when paired with an
unconditioned response produces that response after learning
Define: Unconditioned Stimulus - answerA stimulus that elicits a response but that does
not need to be learned
Define: Sensitization Training - answerAny form of counterconditioning that reduces an
inappropriate positive response to an event
occurs when repeated exposure or a single exposure to a stimulus inc. the intensity of
response
ex: if you are walking down the hall right after watching a scary movie & your friend
pops out and says Boo! you will likely startle --> sensitizes other stimuli than the one
being exposed to
Define: Aversion Therapy - answerThe application of an aversive stimulus when paired
with a stimulus that evokes an inappropriate positive response
What are the rules for counterconditioning? - answer1. Define the target behaviour2.
Identify the stimuli to be paired3. Pair the appropriate stimuli4. Monitor results
Why might changing someone else's behaviour be unethical? - answerIt might be
dehumanizing, cruel or manipulative
, What are the rules for changing behaviour ethically? - answer1. Encourage the person
whose behaviour is to be changed to participate in the design of the intervention2. Avoid
aversives whenever possible3. Consider the alternatives to the planned intervention4.
Monitor the results
What is the difference between a fixed interval and a fixed time schedule? - answerWith
fixed time schedules, the reinforcer is delivered regardless of behaviour, while with fixed
interval schedules, the behaviour must occur after the passage of time in order to earn
the reinforcer
Define: Maintenance Training - answerIntervention procedures that increase the
likelihood that changes in a target behaviour will persist when the intervention is ended
Define: Social Contract - answerThe attempt by society to maintain high rates of certain
behaviours and low rates of other behaviours by means of cintingency ontracts
Define: Backup Reinforcer - answerThe reinforcement that you get in exchange for a
token in a token economy
Define: Token Economy - answerA form of contingency ontract usually involving a
group of people in which the reinforcers are tokens
Define: Contingency Contract - answerAn agreement between two or more parties
about what each is to do for the other
Define: Stretching the Ration - answerGradually increasing the number of times a
behaviour must be performed to qualify for reinforcement
Define: Ration Strain - answerA reduction in the rate of target behaviour and an
increase in emotional behaivour resulting from increases in the ratio of behaviour to
reinforcment
How can you recognize a fixed interval schedule on a cumulitive frequency graph? -
answerThe scalloped pattern reflects the lack of effort post reinforcement and the high
degree of effort pre-reinforcement
Define: Maintenance Schedule - answerA reinforcment schedule that maintains a target
behaviour at a desired rate.
Define: Train sufficient exemplars - answerTrain enough variants of the environment or
of the behaviour and the target behaviour will generalize
Define: Sequential Modification - answerTrain and then evaluate for generalization and
retrain if necessary
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