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Pharm exam 3 latest 2024/2025
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Pharm exam 3 Pharm exam 3 Pharm exam 3
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Pharm exam 3Adrenocorticosteroids are released from the
a. hypothalamus.
b. adrenal cortex.
c. pituitary gland.
d. adrenal medulla.
e. kidney. - ANS b. adrenal cortex.
The pituitary gland secretes? - ANS Adrenocorticorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Montelukast is generally well tolerated. It is more effective than H1-antihistamines and intranasal
corticosteroids
a. Both parts of the statement are true.
b. The first part of the statement is false; the second part is true.
c. The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false.
d. Both parts of the statement are false. - ANS c. The first part of the statement is true; the second
part is false.
Which is released by the adrenal cortex in response to the release of adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)?
a. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
b. Hydrocortisone
c. Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH
d. Norepinephrine
e. Acetylcholine - ANS b. Hydrocortisone
Another name for cortisol? - ANS Hydrocortisone
3 hormones are secreted from this zone, but which is most important? - ANS Cortisol
,When a patient is facing stress ahead of them what occurs?
Why? - ANS A tenfold increase of cortisol secretion
can occur with stress.
To prepare the body to face the stress, making glucose available to the brain
Cortisol or hydrocortisone is AKA? - ANS Stress hormone
Cortisol also causes? - ANS Hyperglycemia
Due to the increase production of glucose through GLUCONEOGENESIS
How is glucose created through gluconeogenesis? - ANS Makes glucose from non-carb material,
mainly by degrading the protein and fat tissue in the body
Which hormone increase glucogenesis? - ANS Glucocorticoids
What is glycogenolysis? - ANS breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver, and made available to
the blood for muscles and brain
The most extensive use of the corticosteroids in both medicine and dentistry is in
a. replacement therapy for corticosteroid deficiency.
b. cancer chemotherapy.
c. to prevent organ transplant rejection.
d. osteoporosis.
e. inflammatory and allergic conditions. - ANS e. inflammatory and allergic conditions.
Which of the following choices is a disease or condition produced by an excess of
adrenocorticosteroids?
a. Addison disease
b. Cushing syndrome
c. Graves' disease
,d. Parkinson disease - ANS b. Cushing syndrome
Moon face (round), buffalo hump (fat deposited on the back of the neck), truncal obesity, weight
gain, and muscle wasting give patients the Cushing syndrome appearance.
asthma is reversible or irreversible? - ANS reversible
Asthma is characterized by _____ airway obstruction and is associated with reduction in
_____ airflow.
a. reversible; inspiratory
b. reversible; expiratory
c. irreversible; inspiratory
d. irreversible; expiratory - ANS B. reversible; expiratory
Asthmatics trap air due to constriction of bronchiolar smooth muscle. A few hours later,
inflammation occurs, resulting in an increase in secretions in the lungs and swelling in the
bronchioles.
Is COPD reversible or irreversible? - ANS irreversible
Which of the following respiratory diseases is associated with irreversible airway obstruction?
a. Asthma
b. Chronic bronchitis
c. Emphysema
d. Both A and B
e. Both B and C - ANS e. Both B and C
Which respiratory disease is characterized by the destruction of lung alveoli?
a. Asthma
b. Upper respiratory tract infection
c. Chronic bronchitis
d. Emphysema - ANS d. Emphysema
, The ventilation of a patient with COPD is driven by a(n)
a. increase in PaO2.
b. decrease in PaO2.
c. increase in PaCO2.
d. decrease in PaCO2. - ANS b. decrease in PaO2.
Which of the following statements represents the primary advantage of the use of metered-dose
inhalers (MDIs)?
a. The inhaled dose can be accurately measured.
b. They are difficult to use properly, and they can be abused.
c. The onset of action is unpredictable.
d. The bronchodilator effect is less than that of a comparable oral dose. - ANS a. The inhaled dose
can be accurately measured.
Adrenergic agonists produce bronchodilation by stimulating which type of receptors?
a. Alpha
b. Beta-1
c. Beta-2
d. Neuromuscular junction - ANS c. Beta-2
Patients with asthma should bring their fast-acting _____ inhaler to be used prophylactically or in
the management of an ACUTE asthmatic attack in the dental office.
b. B1-agonist
c. B1-antagonist
d. B2-agonist
e. B2-antagonist - ANS d. B2-agonist
Albuterol only used in acute attacks, and should always be kept in an emergency attack
Which type of medication is recommended for the treatment of intermittent asthma?
a. Inhaled corticosteroid
b. Leukotriene modifier
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