Nursing 378 Final Exam Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 378
Institution
NUR 378
Reliability The instrument consistently measures a given trait with precision The accuracy with which an instrument measures the target attribute
Item-total correlation Stability among individuals
Inter-rater reliability Stability between raters
Test-retest Stability over time
reliability coeff...
Nursing 378 Final Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
Reliability ✅The instrument consistently measures a given trait with precision
The accuracy with which an instrument measures the target attribute
Item-total correlation ✅Stability among individuals
Inter-rater reliability ✅Stability between raters
Test-retest ✅Stability over time
reliability coefficient. ✅Can range from .00 to 1.00.
Coefficients below .70 are considered unsatisfactory.
Coefficients of .80 or higher are desirable.
Stability
Internal consistency
Equivalence ✅What are the three aspects of reliability?
Stability ✅The extent to which scores are similar on two separate administrations of an
instrument
Evaluated by test-retest reliability
Test-retest reliability ✅Requires participants to complete the same instrument on two
occasions
Appropriate for relatively enduring attributes
Cohen's kappa 0.85
Internal Consistency ✅The extent to which all the items on an instrument are
measuring the same unitary attribute
Evaluated by administering instrument on one occasion
Appropriate for most multi-item instruments
The most widely used approach to assessing reliability
Assessed by computing coefficient alpha (Cronbach's alpha)
Alphas ≥.80 are highly desirable.
Equivalence ✅The degree of similarity between alternative forms of an instrument or
between multiple raters/observers using an instrument
Most relevant for structured observations
Assessed by comparing agreement between observations or ratings of two or more
observers (interobserver/interrater reliability)
, Low ✅_____ reliability can undermine adequate testing of hypotheses.
Procedure used to test them ✅Reliability estimates vary depending on _________
Lower ✅Reliability is ________ in homogeneous than heterogeneous samples
Lower ✅Reliability is ________ in shorter than longer multi-item scales.
Gold standard ✅Chronbach's
Inter-rater
Test-retest
Internal Validity ✅The level of confidence that an experimental treatment or condition
made a difference and that rival explanations were systematically ruled out through
study design and control.
The ability of an instrument to consistently measure what it is suppose to measure
Validity ✅The degree to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to
measure
Measurement of the "right" thing Needs to be done on multiple populations, settings and
situations
Correlation of co-efficent used to report: 0.5 or higher is strong but 0.2-0.4 maybe
acceptable
Conditions Necessary for Causality ✅Changes in the presumed cause must be related
to changes in the presumed effect
The presumed cause must occur before the presumed effect
There are no plausible alternative explanations for the outcome
threats to internal validity ✅Alternative explanations of study outcomes are called
Content validity ✅The content of the instrument reflects the attribute. The degree to
which an instrument has an adequate sample of items for the construct being measured
Evaluated by expert evaluation, often via a quantitative measure—the content validity
index (CVI)
Construct validity ✅The instrument represents the conceptual issues.
Concerned with these questions:
What is this instrument really measuring?
Does it adequately measure the construct of interest?
Face Validity ✅Refers to whether the instrument looks as though it is an appropriate
measure of the construct
Based on judgment; no objective criteria for assessment
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