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PHTLS CH 16 PEDS TRAUMA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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PHTLS CH 16 PEDS TRAUMA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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PHTLS ch 16 PEDS TRAUMAVentilatory effort becomes more labored and may include the following;
■ Head bobbing with each breath
■ Gasping or grunting
■ Flared nostrils - ANS ■ Stridor or snoring respirations
■ Suprastenal, supraclavicular, subcostal, or intercostal
retractions
■ Use of accessory muscles, such as neck and abdominal
wail muscles
■ Distension of the abdomen when the chest falls (see saw effect between the chest and
abdomen)
The effectiveness of a child's ventilation should be evaluated using the following indicators
■ Rate and depth (minute volume) and effort indicate adequacy of ventilation.
■ Pink skin may indicate adequate ventilation.
■ Dusky, gray, cyanotic, or mottled skin indicates insufficient oxygenation and perfusion.
■ Anxiety, restlessness, and combativeness can be early signs of hypoxia. - ANS ■ Lethargy,
depressed LOG, and unconsciousness are probably advanced signs of hypoxia.
■ Breath sounds indicate the depth of exchange.
■ Wheezing, rales, or rhonchi may indicate inefficient
oxygenation.
■ Declining pulse oximetry and/or declining capnography indicate respiratory failure.
Because the main problem is one of inspired volume rather than concentration of oxygen,
assisted ventilation is best given by use of a bag-mask device, supplemented with an oxygen
reservoir attached to high-concentration oxygen (FiO, of 0.85 to 1.0). - ANS
Serial measurements and _____ _____ of vital signs are critical in gauging a child's evolving
hemodynamic state in the acute injury phase. - ANS changing trends
Close monitoring of vital signs is absolutely essential to recognizing the signs of ______shock,
enabling the appropriate interventions to be performed to prevent clinical deterioration - ANS
impending
A major consideration in the assessment of a pediatric patient is _______ shock - ANS
compensated shock
, The concept of evolving _____ must be of paramount concern in the initial management of an
injured child and is a major indication for transport to an appropriate trauma facility for
expeditious evaluation and treatment. - ANS shock
Overlooking potential organ system injury and inadequately ______ the pediatric patient are two
common problems, both in the field and in the hospital. - ANS managing
Peds Trauma score
The six components are the
1.pediatric patient's size,
2.airway,
3LOC,
4.systolic blood pressure,
5. presence of fractures,
6._____ _____ - ANS skin condition
The system is based on an analysis of pediatric injury patterns and is designed to provide a
protocol _____ to ensure that all the major injury factors related to injury outcome are
considered in the initial
evaluation of the child. - ANS checklist
trauma score
____ is the first component because it is readily observed and is a major consideration in the
infant/toddler group. - ANS Size
trauma score
The airway is assessed next, because the functional status and the ____ of ____required to
provide adequate ventilation and oxygenation must be considered. - ANS level of care
trauma score
The most important historical factor in primary assessment of the CNS is - ANS LOC
trauma score
Because children frequently sustain transient LOC during an injury, the obtuded grade ___ is
applied to any child with loss of consciousness, no matter how fleeting. This grade identifies
children at higher risk of developing potentially fatal, yet frequently treatable, intracranial injuries
that may lead to secondary brain injury. - ANS (+1)
trauma score
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is used to identify children in whom evolving preventable shock
may occur (SBP 51 to 90 mm Hg; +1). Regardless of size, a child whose SBP is less than 50
mm Hg (____) is in obvious jeopardy (Figure 16-12). A child whose SBP exceeds 90 mm Hg
(_____) falls into a better outcome category. If the appropriately sized blood pressure cuff is not
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