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NUR 280 Exam 2 Questions And Accurate Answers
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NUR 280 Exam 2 Questions And AccurateAnswers 2024-2025
Wound healing is mediated by: - Answer 1. Chemokines
2. Cytokines
3. Growth factor
4. Proteases
To what is the wound healing process divided? - Answer 1. Hemostasis
2. Inflammation
3. Proliferation
4. Remodeling
Stage 1 (hemostasis): - Answer Clotting and growth factors are released
Stage 2 (inflammation): - Answer Vasodilatation, increased perfusion and capillary
permeability (causes redness), chemotaxis and cellular activity (neutrophils attack
bacteria, platelets to wound site, macrophages eat debris)
Stage 3 (proliferation) - Vascular tissue restored and granulation tissue fills deficit;
fibroblasts make new collagen; high O2 demand
Stage 4 (remodeling): Collagen fibers strengthen; can last 2 years; only ever reach 80%
of original strength
Trauma - Injury/wound
,Venous hypertension - Leaky valves allow buildup of pressure in veins
Lymphedema - Swelling of extremity due to obstructed lymph channel, nonpitting
Vasculitis - Answer An inflammation of the blood vessels that causes changes in the
blood vessel walls
Malignant - Answer Spreads
Surgical dehiscence - Answer Wound ruptures open along incision
Arterial insufficiency - Answer Slow or stop of blood flow through the arteries
Pressure ulcers occur on: - Answer Bony areas due to pressure, friction, or shear
Arterial ulcer - Answer A wound that won't heal due to decreased blood flow
Claudication - Answer Limping
Wet gangrene - Answer Tissue necrosis associated with infection requires emergent
debridement and drainage, followed by revascularization
Dry gangrene - Answer Necrosis not invasive; doesn't produce sepsis unless infected;
revascularization performed first before amputating
Dual venous system - Answer Superficial saphrenous system and deep venous system
Venous ulcers caused by: - Answer Failure of calf muscle to pump or valve
incompetence
, Venous Leg Ulcer - Answer Veins dilate and leak blood and serum into interstitial tissue;
ulcers always associated with edema
Sensory neuropathy - Answer Loss of sensation
Motor neuropathy - Answer Wasting of foot muscles; structural deformity
Autonomic neuropathy - Answer Loss of autonomic system function; Absence of sweat
and oil production leads to dry scaly skin and development of cracks and fissures
Necrotizing fasciitis - Answer Rapid spreading inflammation and necrosis of skin, subQ
fat and fascia
Fournier's Gangrene - Answer Type of necrotizing fasciitis or gangrene affecting the
external genitalia and/or perineum
What are the different types of necrotizing fasciitis? - Answer Type 1- Clostridium and
bactericides species
Type 2- Streptococcus A
Type 3- Vibrio infection
Superficial fungal infections - Answer Attack keratinized (dead) cells; inflammatory
reaction to toxins
*Ex: Ringworm, athletes foot
Deep fungal infections - Answer Attack living tissue; may attack other organs
*Ex: Candidiasis, sporotrichosis
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