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MCB3020 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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MCB3020 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:127 Multiple choice questions
Definition 1 of 127
- Method for carrying out disk diffusion tests
- for determining sensitivity of a bacterium to a particular antibiotic
- bacterium grows on agar plate until it fills up
- disk soaked in antibiotic is then placed on the plate
- if bacterium is insensitive to the antibiotic, it will simply grow over the disk
- if it IS sensitive, a "clear zone" will appear called a zone of inhibition (zone of no growth)
Complementary DNA (cDNA)
Bio-pesticides? Give an example.
Kirby-Bauer test and its purpose.
Microbes and the nitrogen cycle
Definition 2 of 127
Direct uptake of genetic material ("naked") from the surroundings
Conjugation
Generalized Transduction
Transduction
Transformation
,Definition 3 of 127
Endonucleases that cut double-stranded DNA at specific recognition sequences.
Naturally produced by bacteria as a defense against viral infection, commonly used to create
recombinant DNA
Gel electrophoresis
Restriction enzymes
Reverse transcriptase
Gene cloning
Definition 4 of 127
If it's lytic, it can quickly replicate and spread in the population BUT it could eventually kill all
host cells and be without a host.
Virus might opt for lysogenic cycle so that the host can survive and the virus can remain
integrated in the host. It can then undergo induction when environmental conditions are right
Virus multiplication vs growing bacteria.
Industrial and medical products produced via biotechnology
Industrial microbiology define fermentation? Compare Chemostat vs batch growth
Lytic vs lysogenic, why would a virus choose one over the other?
Definition 5 of 127
Bacteria engage in a number of redox rxns which cause the reduction of sulfur oxides to
hydrogen sulfides
Microbes and the phosphorus cycle
Specialized transduction
Microbes and the sulfur cycle
Microbes and the carbon cycle
,Definition 6 of 127
enzyme that turns single-stranded RNA into double-stranded DNA
Rna Polymerase
Restriction Enzymes
Gene Cloning
Reverse Transcriptase
Definition 7 of 127
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
Tool for genetic fingerprinting, genome mapping, localization of genes, paternity testing, and
microbial classification
Highly conserved and repetitive DNA sequences are present in nearly every genome,
including genomes of humans, gram- and gram+ bacteria
Uses fact that every organism has slightly different restriction sites so on the electrophoretic
gel the patterns of restrictive fragments will vary
Every person has a unique DNA fingerprint (useful for forensic evidence or paternity testing)
Recombinant plasmids
Complementary DNA (cDNA)
Tumor
RFLP?
, Definition 8 of 127
EVERY virus must have a nucleic acid and a capsid
SOME also have an envelope and spikes
Compare the three stages of sewage treatment process: PRIMARY
Four categories of antimicrobial drugs based on their mechanisms of action.
Antimicrobial drugs: Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
Components of a virus. Name the two that every virus must have
Definition 9 of 127
1 Isolate plasmid DNA from bacterial cell
2 Isolate DNA of interest
3 Insert gene of interest into plasmid DNA, which forms recombinant DNA
4 Insert recombinant DNA into bacterium such as Ecoli
5 Culture the bacteria, growing many identical copies
Gene cloning
Viral syndrome
Ti plasmid
Blotting
Definition 10 of 127
Doctors can prescribe antibiotics in high enough concentration and in correct combination to
kill all of the bacteria (giving 2 or more drugs at a time has synergistic effects)
Doctors can prescribe fewer antibiotics
Researchers can develop new drugs and treatments
Medical significance of comparative genomics analysis? RFLP?
How one may prevent the emergence of drug resistant microbes?
How septic tank is compared to industrial sewage treatment process?
How do semisynthetic antibiotics differ from their parent molecules?
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