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GU EAQ. Questions And Answers Graded A+
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GU EAQ. Questions And Answers Graded A+ GU EAQ. Questions And Answers Graded A+ GU EAQ. Questions And Answers Graded A+
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GU EAQA client with an acute kidney injury has peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescribed and asks why the
procedure is necessary. Which response statement would the nurse use?
1
"PD prevents the development of serious heart problems by removing the damaged tissues."
2
"PD helps perform some of the work usually performed by your kidneys."
3
"PD stabilizes the kidney damage and may 'restart' your kidneys to perform better than before."
4
"PD speeds recovery because the kidneys are not responding to regulating hormones." - ANS 2 (PD
removes chemicals, wastes, and fluids usually removed from the body by the kidneys. The mention
of heart problems is a threatening response and may cause increased fear or anxiety. Telling the
patient that PD may 'restart' your kidneys so that they perform better than before is misleading. PD
helps maintain fluid and electrolytes; in acute kidney injury, damage occurs in the nephrons, so the
PD may or may not speed recovery.)
Which information would the nurse include in response to a client's questioning a protein-restricted
dietary change required for his or her acute kidney injury?
1
"A high-protein intake ensures an adequate daily supply of amino acids to compensate for losses."
2
"Essential and nonessential amino acids are necessary in the diet to supply materials for tissue
protein synthesis."
3
"This diet supplies only essential amino acids, reducing the amount of metabolic waste products,
thus decreasing stress on the kidneys."
4
"Currently, your body is unable to synthesize amino acids, so the nitrogen for amino acid synthesis
must come from the dietary protein." - ANS 3 (The amount of protein permitted in the diet depends
on the extent of kidney function; excess protein causes an increase in urea concentration, excess
metabolic waste, and added stress on the kidneys. The restricted protein diet prevents
overburdening the client's kidneys at this time. When experiencing acute kidney injury, the kidneys
are unable to eliminate the waste products of a high-protein diet. The body is able to synthesize the
,nonessential amino acids. Urea is a waste product of protein metabolism; the body is able to
synthesize the nonessential amino acids.)
A client with acute kidney injury states, "Why am I experiencing twitching and tingling of my fingers
and toes?" Which process would the nurse consider when formulating a response to this client?
1
Acidosis
2
Calcium depletion
3
Potassium retention
4
Sodium chloride depletion - ANS 2 (In kidney failure, as the glomerular filtration rate decreases,
phosphorus is retained. As hyperphosphatemia occurs, calcium is excreted. Calcium depletion
hypocalcemia causes tetany, which causes twitching and tingling of the extremities, among other
symptoms. Acidosis, potassium retention, and sodium chloride depletion are not characterized by
twitching and tingling of the extremities.)
A client is diagnosed with acute kidney failure secondary to dehydration. An intravenous (IV) infusion
of 50% glucose with regular insulin is prescribed to address which purpose?
1
To correct hyperkalemia
2
To increase urinary output
3
To prevent respiratory acidosis
4
To increase serum calcium levels - ANS 1 (The 50% glucose and regular insulin infusion treats the
hyperkalemia associated with kidney failure; it moves potassium from the intravascular
compartment into the intracellular compartment. Insulin will not increase urinary output. Insulin is
not a treatment for respiratory acidosis. Insulin and glucose do not increase serum calcium levels.)
The nurse is notified that the latest potassium level for a client who has acute kidney injury is 6.2
mEq (6.2 mmol/L). Which action would the nurse take?
1
, Alert the cardiac arrest team.
2
Call the laboratory to repeat the test.
3
Notify the primary health care provider.
4
Obtain an antiarrhythmic medication. - ANS 3 (The primary health care provider must treat this
hyperkalemia to prevent cardiac dysrhythmias. The cardiac arrest team responds to a cardiac arrest;
there is no sign of arrest in this client. A repeat laboratory test will take time and probably reaffirm
the original results; the client needs medical attention. Obtaining an antiarrhythmic is premature,
there is no evidence of dysrhythmia.)
A client with chronic kidney disease is admitted to the hospital with severe infection and anemia.
The client reports feeling depressed and irritable. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the
anticipated plan of care. Which response would the nurse provide?
1
"The staff will provide total care, because the infection causes severe fatigue."
2
"Mood elevators will be prescribed to improve the depression and irritability."
3
"Vitamin B12 will be prescribed for the anemia, and the stools will be dark."
4
"Protein foods will be restricted so the kidneys can clear the waste products." - ANS 4
A client with a history of chronic kidney disease is hospitalized. Which assessment findings would
alert the nurse to suspect kidney insufficiency?
1
Facial flushing
2
Edema and pruritus
3
Dribbling after voiding
4
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