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NURO 733 Breast Conditions Exam Study Guide
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NURO 733 Breast ConditionsExam Study Guide
estrogen - Answer stimulating the ductal portion of the glandular system
Progesterone - Answer stimulating the alveolar or milk-producing components of the
system
changes with age - Answer As women age, breasts become less dense and most women
progressively acquire more fat and fibrous connection tissues that gradually replace the
glandular tissue.
cancerous breast lesion - Answer hard, rocky, immobile mass with irregular or
ill-defined borders.
Cyclic breast pain - Answer bilaterally during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
and resolves after the onset of menses. It is often described as sharp, shooting, or deep
aching and throbbing pain.
cyclic breast pain - Answer common with normal breasts, oral contraceptives, and
benign (fibrocystic) disease
hormone related breast pain - Answer increased estrogen secretion from the ovary,
deficient progesterone production, and hyperprolactinemia.
Noncyclic breast pain - Answer mastitis, cysts, tumors, history of breast surgery, or
medications, or it may be idiopathic. Noncyclic mastalgia tends to be localized,
subareolar, or medial, and is characterized as tender, burning, stabbing, pulling, or
pinching.
mastaglia not improved with NSAIDS - Answer Physician consultation may be indicated
for women whose pain is not controlled with NSAIDs.
For women with more severe mastalgia, danazol (Danocrine), tamoxifen (Nolvadex),
toremifene (Fareston), gonadotropin analogues, and gestrinone (Dimetriose)
Danazol (Danocrine) 100-200 mg/day has been found to relieve breast pain but is
associated with significant side effects such as depression, acne, and hirsutism.
Low-dose tamoxifen (Nolvadex) at 10 or 20 mg/daily is effective as well, and has fewer
side effects than danazol.
benign nipple discharge - Answer bilateral, multiductal, and milky or green in color, and
occurs with breast manipulation
, Abnormal Nipple Discharge - Answer Mammary Duct Ectasia
Carcinoma
Intraductal Papilloma
Paget's Disease (Intraductal Carcinoma)
unilateral, clear, serous, or bloody, and occurs spontaneously is more likely to be
associated with cancer, especially when it occurs in conjunction with a breast mass and
in women who are older than 40 years.
galactorrhea - Answer associated with prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas,
medications that inhibit dopamine (e.g., some psychotropic medications SSRI, MOAI,
combined oral contraceptives, metoclopramide [Reglan], phenothiazines),
hypothyroidism,
breast stimulation,
trauma, and
herpes zoster
hyperprolactemia
Fibrocystic changes - Answer hormonal stimulation
rare in postmenopausal women.
These changes may be asymptomatic or associated with pain, tenderness, and bumpy
areas throughout the breast tissue that fluctuate with the menstrual cycle.
Clinical findings include symmetrical nodularity, with nodularity being more prominent
in the upper outer region of the breast, and consistency described as like a "bag of
beans."
The fibrous tissue may feel firm or rubbery but not rock hard. The cystic portion may
feel like grapes.
Tx of Fibrocystic breast disease? - Answer Support bra, bra at night, NSAIDS
OCP's, cyclic HRT
Possible Excision (only in severe cases)
breast cysts - Answer 25-50yo, most common breast mass
soft, well circ, round, mobile
may be tender, unilateral/bilateral
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